Sharif Digital Repository

Functional design of coating system for the primary mirror of the Iranian National Observatory (INO) is done. This telescope has a 3.4 m primary mirror in diameter, made of Zerodur from Schott. Although similar coating systems are in use since years ago, this is the first attempt to design a system for such a large surface case in Iran. Systematic approach led us first to clarify and identifying the design requirements. Lower limit of 80% for reflectance on all wavelength range from 325-1000 nm, thickness of 100 nm with un-uniformity of 5 nm, adhesion enough to pass the selotape test and surface roughness of less than 8 nm. Study of the available methods for coating and selection of the best... 

Electrodeposition is an old, well known and conventional science surface modification method to improve the surface characteristics, decorative and functional, of a wide variety of materials. This science is considered in nanotechnology as a bottom-up method for fabrication of one, two and three-dimensional nanomaterials. A great variety of secondary components can be added to plating baths resulting in metallic matrix composite and nanocomposite coatings production. Low amounts of iron addition for alloying zinc coatings, significantly increases the corrosion resistance of this generally used metal economically. Superhydrophobic coatings on metallic substrates have shown, during the past... 

A concern in the production sour oil and gas is the corrosion caused by the acid gas H2S. Even though corrosion resistant alloys (CRA) have long been available as a material selection option that mitigates H2S corrosion, the carbon steel is in general more cost-effective for oil and gas facilities. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanical properties of 410NiMo cladding on a low alloy steel substrate. In this investigation, two successive layers of ER410NiMo were clad on low alloy steel substrates. To reduce the likelihood of Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC) and producing stable hydrogen traps, Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) was used. To characterize the mechanical properties of... 

In this research, we study and optimize the inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) using nano layers of NiOx and Li:NiOx as hole transporting layers (HTLs) and nano layers of PC70BM and C60 as electron transporting layers (ETLs). We fabricated inverted PSCs with three different HTLs, namely MoOx, PEDOT:PSS and NiOx, using vapor assisted solution processed (VASP) method for making MAPbI3 perovskite which yielded a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1%, 1.93% and 3.65%, respectively. Solution-processed deposition method, high transparency (˃90%) and high band gap (3.9 eV) are the most advantages to use NiOx as HTL in current research. Using lithium as dopant to the NiOx increases the... 

Carbon nanotubes were coated with boehmite nanoparticles by sol gel method. According to the TGA analysis, formation of gamma-alumina from boehmite was at 500 . SEM investigation revealed the uniform coverage of gamma-alumina nanoparticles on the surface of CNTs. Composite powders containing 1, 2 and 3vol% of coated CNTs were produced by mixing the coated CNTs with alumina suspension. Phase analysis of composite powder calcined at 500 showed the complete decomposition of boehmite and formation of gamma-alumina. Samples were shaped by cold isostatic pressing at the pressure of 180MPa and sintering was performed using two different methods of conventional and microwave. Existance of the CNTs... 

Gas pollutants are included volatile inorganic compositions and odorous materials, which are harmful and dangerous for environment and human health. There are several methods for removing gas pollutants such as physical, chemical and biological methods. In this work, we discuss about ethyl-mercaptan adsorption in LPG by ZSM-5 zeolite and in use of micro systems (micro channels). This work is also concerned about micro channel coating by ZSM-5 and NaY zeolites on glass and the method of coating with (3-Chloropropyl) trimethoxysilane linker. After selecting the appropriate method for zeolite coating, we proceed to micro channel coating. In this research, four different designs of micro channel... 

An inexpensive microfluidic chip–silicon rubber–based system was fabricated. A triangle–shaped micro canal with a 135 µm width and 234 µm depth was grooved by laser ablation technique. The groove was sealed by a thin glass cover while two pieces of stainless steel tubings were connected to each side of canal. Then, a polyaniline film with a thickness of 17±1 µm was synthesized on the walls of the canal by chemical oxidation using a syringe pump to deliver the relevant reagents. The microfluidic system was eventually connected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. To evaluate the capability of the constructed fluidic system, it was implemented to the analysis of sub–mL volumes of... 

Nowadays, by adding a small amount of a desired nanomaterial to a matrix having certain properties one may design a multifunctional nanocomposites with a remarkably improved macroscopic properties of interest. The capability of conventional continuum theories in treating the problems of embedded ultra-small inhomogeneity with any of its dimensions comparable to the characteristic lengths of the involved constituent phases is questioned, mainly, on the grounds of the accuracy and the size effect. In this work, effort is firstly directed at the prediction of the macroscopic shear modulus of composites consisting of nano-/micro-size fibers of elliptic cross-sections via couple stress theory, a... 

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an attractive biomaterial due to its close chemical composition to bone and teeth. However, HA is brittle and has low strength under bearing loads, resulting in limition for orthopedic and dental applications. Two creative approaches have been developed to overcome this problem, using bioactive HA as coatings on metallic implants or as ceramic/metal composites. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) possess excellent mechanical properties to play the role as reinforcement for imparting strength and toughness to brittle hydroxyapatite (HA) bioceramic coating. Moreover, The addition of TiO2 to HA coatings has attracted considerable attention, since TiO2 is capable of increasing the... 

Electrodeposion of Zn-Ni Alloy Nanometer Multilayer has been studied. The investigations show that Multilayer coatings have more corrosion resistance than a Monolayer. The electrodeposition of the multilayer coatings was performed with the single bath technique. The sulfate-borate bath has been used for electrodeposition of the Multilayer coatings. The switching cathode density current has been used for the multilayer coatings in cathode current densities of 20, 30, 40, and 50 mA.cm-2. The number of layers with constant overall thickness of 2 µm was 20, 40, 80, and 100. The composition of layers varied between 5-11% wt Ni with the values of cathode current densities. The Response Surface... 

Metal oxide semiconductors are promising materials for photovoltaic systems, because they are chemically stable, almost non-toxic and abundant. These materials are cheap and have low cost fabrication process. Cu2O is the most popular metal oxide semiconductor to absorb light in Photovoltaic (PV) applications, and photocathode in the photoelectrochemical systems.In this project, thermal oxide and electrodeposition methods, both interesting and cheap, were applied for preparing Cu2O films. As inexpensive materials results in low-minority carrier diffusion length, we report on surface engineering of bulk Cu2O photocathode thorough employing nanorods of copper oxide with the average lengths of... 

In this research, different methods of coating polyaniline on the anode electrode and its performance in a microbial fuel cell, and a chemical method for making polyaniline / graphene catalyst on a cathode electrode and its performance in microbial electrolysis cell electrode were investigated. There are two main goals in this study. First, the production of polyaniline and the comparison of the surface morphology of this fiber with other forms of polyaniline on the surface of the electrode and its effect on the performance of the microbial fuel cell and the second, the production of polyaniline / graphene catalyst in the cathode electrode and its comparison with the platinum catalyst in the... 

In this study, antistatic waterborne polyurethane coating containing zirconia nanoparticles is made and applied on 304 stainless steel substrates at weight percentage of 0.66, 1.3, 3, 4.5 and 6% zirconia nanoparticles. For synthesis of hydrophilic isocyanate prepolymer, isocyanate prepolymer is modified by hydrophilic polyethylene glycol with molecular weight 600, 1000 and 4000. For ensuring of modification condition and stability of hydrophilic isocyanate prepolymer in aqua solution, FTIR and stability tests are employed, respectively. In order to create antistatic properties of these coatings, semi - conductive zirconia nanoparticles are used. To improve the distribution of zirconia... 

In the recent years, nanophotocatalytic process for E. coli inactivation has become considerable choice for water treatment. Having suitable catalytic characterizations, nanophotocatalysis could be considered as an alternative to current E. coli disinfections methods.
In this study, antibacterial effect of Fe-Cd/TiO2 (TiO2 doped with Fe and Cd) under visible light was reported for the first time. The Results show that by comparing Fe-Cd/TiO2 with commercial TiO2 (P25 Degussa), bactericidal efficiency of this codoped photocatalysis under visible light is high and effective. Indeed, Nanoparticle of Fe-Cd/TiO2 disinfects E. coli (cell density: 107 CFU/ml) almost completely within 55 min... 

The quest for increasing the efficiency of internal combustion engines is going on since the invention of automobile in the world. Wear between cylinder and ring is one of the major parameters reducing the engine performance. So many parameters are affecting the wear losses. Temperature plays a key role on the severity of wear condition in internal combustion engines. In conventional cast iron cylinders, we are not able to increase the temperature from a defined level; one reason is that the wear rate on cylinder ring contact will increase excessively. One of the major benefits of using ceramic coating is their ability to withstand in higher temperatures, while having adequate hardness to... 

Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using microemulsion technique as MRI contrast agents. Utilization of nanoparticles for biological applications and in this case as MRI contrast agents needs particles to be of small size and also narrow size distribution. For this aim, the effect of several parameters on size and size distribution has been studied. These parameters include water/surfactant ratio, precursor’s concentration and amount of polymer employed to improve nanoparticles colloidal stability. XRD, FE-SEM and TEM results reveal that the synthesized nanoparticles had small size (about 10 nm iron oxide core and 20 nm overall diameter) and possessed narrow size distribution (15-21... 

Polymer flooding can yield considerable increase in percentage recovery. However, there are limitations with the existing polymer flooding technology, such as thermal, mechanical, bacterial degradation, surface absorption and undesirable plugging. A novel nanocore shell structure of polyacrylamide and polystyrene designed and prepared to intellectually control mobility ratio in oil reservoirs and overcome weakness and limitations of classical polymer flooding. Polyacrylamide particles have been obtained using spray drying of dilute solution of polyacrylamide. Then, polystyrene shell has been produced on polyacryamide particles by in-situ polymerization of styrene monomer in hydrophobic... 

Plasma electrolytic oxidation process (PEO) is now recognized as a relatively new method in surface engineering. In this process, formation of micro arcs resulted from electric discharges on the surface of the specimen in the appropriate electrolyte, is used to ionize the gas layer which has enshrouded the specimen. In the present study, ceramic coating on aluminized steel was produced by PEO process and the effects of the influential parameters were comprehensively investigated. For this purpose, coating on the aluminized steel with dimension of 25×30 mm² was produced under different condition of processing time from 1 to 15 minutes, current density from 10 to 20 A/dm², frequency from 50 to... 

Consumption of oil and gas as energy carrier leads to irreversible environmental effects related to greenhouse gases emission. Hence, for the reduction in greenhouse gas emission, a shift to renewable resources for energy supply is recommended. However, in recent years, hydrogen has emerged as the most promising clean energy carrier for generating electrical power through fuel cells. Nevertheless, production of renewable hydrogen is the main barrier to the development of hydrogen as an energy carrier. Aqueous phase reforming of oxygenated hydrocarbon is developed by Dumesic for producing renewable hydrogen-rich gas with low CO. Since it is expected that, use of new technology such as the... 

In this study, pulse electrodeposition of Ni-Fe composite coating with and without nano-TiO2 particle in sulphate bath was performed and effects of peak current density, frequency, duty cycle and type of current on their properties was investigated. Also effect of pulse parameters on the composition and amount of particles in coatings was determined. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to study the morphplogy and structure of coatings. The chemical composition of deposits was examined by Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) attached with Scanning Electron Microscopy and Atomic Adsorption...