Sharif Digital Repository

Business incubators admit young startups and help them grow by providing them with a number of services. The startups are put through an admission process, and the incubator is not fully aware of the quality of the startups she is admitting. On the other hand, once inside the incubator, a startup may choose not to exert a high level of effort, as the incubator cannot fully monitor its behaviour. In other words the incubator faces a problem of adverse selection plus moral hazard.Adverse selection and moral hazard between investor and investee (which is not dissimilar to the relationship between incubator and startup) has a vast literature. However, one important difference is that in the... 

Auxetic materials have a negative Poisson ratio (NPR), which is their most distinguishable characteristic as compared to regular materials. Test specimens were made of conventional polyurethane (PU) foams according to ASTM ; then, with a thermo-mechanical process, the foam was converted to auxetic PU foam. The reproducibility of specimens' fabrication was checked with CoV= for the final foam thickness. With regard to the fact that changing loading conditions can vary Poisson's ratio, in this study, the variations occurred in Poisson's ratio due to changing loading conditions are investigated. The applied strain and strain rate were altered in experiments and statistical analysis was... 

The debate on the efficient way of altruism is a long-lasting topic. Economists attempted to model the nonprofit problems with game theory. Buchanan’s Samaritan Dilemma (1975) is one of the early instances, followed mainly by institutionalist researchers. However, no analytical model unifies the credible commitment problems. This thesis investigates two misallocation problems: the recipient’s motivation to deviate resources from the donor’s aims, and the information asymmetry that invokes affluent people to imposter eligible recipients. We probe a specific case representing a subsistence economy. One philanthropist faces agents with identical preferences but heterogeneous wealth, not... 

Nowadays, various policies are adopted by transportation managers and planners. These policies aim to improve system performance, reduce user costs, control and reduce air pollution, reduce noise pollution, and ultimately reduce congestion. A set of these policies in the form of transportation demand management is presented in the literature. A common way to find the effect of a policy on user behavior is to use questionnaires. Other causal inference models have been proposed in disciplines such as statistics, political science, marketing science, epidemiology, and psychology. The purpose of these models is to find the causal effect of an intervention (treatment) on a system. These studies... 

Due to the destructive effects of sudden and adverse changes in acceleration on the human body, drivability control has a particular importance in the automotive industry. Driveability control makes car occupants feel a smooth and comfortable driving, and it will play a vital role in the competition between companies to provide a good product with optimal driving quality.In this project, the aim is to achieve a smooth acceleration curve in a vehicle equipped with a manual transmissions. The meaning of smooth acceleration curve is to reduce jerk and shock caused by inappropriate driver behaviors and to control the car's torque and acceleration to a desirable level. In this project, first, the... 

Improving the performance of compressors plays a key role in saving energy in industries. The presence of aleatory and epistemic uncertainties, such as dimensional, geometrical and environmental uncertainties, causes the tolerances that are within the allowed ranges in normal assembly conditions to violate the assembly requirements in operational conditions and cause a drop in compressor efficiency. In order to reach the dimensional and geometrical tolerances of the components of a compressor, especially in the design of the rotor and stator blades, that guarantees the optimal and stable performance while not increasi the production costs, there is a need for an optimal and robust tolerance...