Sharif Digital Repository

Referring to mortality increasment having sprung from atherosclerosis, work on treatment of coronary heart disease seems to be necessary. Stent implementation is one of stenosis treatment. Stent deployment has been done during past two decades, but clinical evidence showed that because of some weakness in designing and implementing, restenosis occurs again. Material, structure and coating texture of stent are the designing criteria beside stent implementation importance. Thus a lot of activities have been done in this area to improve performance of these applications. Nowadays a lot of companies' researchers try the best to get better their products; consequently there is different types of... 

DNA microarrays consist of DNA microscopic points that are attached to a solid surface such as glass, plastic or silicon chip and formed as an array. The fixed pieces of DNA are considered as searchers. In an experiment, we can use thousands of searchers. Therefore, any microarray consists of the same number of genetic tests as the experiment performed on all of them in parallel. Whit this ability, arrays have speeded up the biological investigations. Microarray technology can be seen as a continued development of southern blotting. However, the most important stage in this technology, analysis of data, requires reliable bioinformatics tools achieving high reliabilities. Infectious diseases,... 

Dementia is one of the most common disorders among the elderly population. Statistical analyses show that among several subtypes of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of dementia and this number is projected to increase. AD not only results in impairment of learning and memory but also in the moderate stages of illness, motor functions are profoundly disturbed, and ultimately will affect the patient's lifetime. The proposed drug treatments for this disease only reduce its progress probability. Therefore, early diagnosis for effective treatment of Alzheimer's disease is one of the critical issues in the field of dementia. This project is an effort to extract... 

Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. The motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease result from the death of dopamine-generating cells in the substantia nigra. The cause of this cell death is unknown. Early in the course of the disease, the most obvious symptoms are movement-related. Some of the symptoms are: shaking, rigidity, slowness of movement and difficulty with walking and gait. Modern treatments are effective at managing the early motor symptoms of the disease, mainly through the use of levodopa and dopamine agonists. As the disease progresses these drugs eventually become ineffective and produce a complication called dyskinesia, marked by... 

Coronary artery diseaseaffects millions of persons and isone of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Invasive techniques such as coronary artery bypassgrafting are used to alleviate the lesion of arterial occlusion.Unfortunately, restenosis or occlusion of the graftedconduit occurs over a time frame of months to years with a gradual reduction in patency, especially in vein grafts. Theevents leading to intimal hyperplasia (IH) formation involve numerous cellular and molecular components. Variouscellular elements of the vessel wall are involved as are leucocyte–endothelial interactions that trigger the coagulationcascade leading to localized thrombus formation. Subsequent... 

Metabonomics is a quantitative measurement of time dependent metabolic interactions for living systems in response to the pathological or genetic variations. NMR spectroscopy has emerged as a key tool for understanding metabolic processes in living systems. In this project, the study of metabolomics was performed as classification and regression on samples of parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis disease, celiac disease and crohn’s disease. In classification part, various methods were applied using optimal parameters.classification methods in Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis disease, celiac disease and crohn’s disease were RF, CART, PLS-DA, RF and RF respectively. Based on the... 

In the present work we report a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study on S1P1 receptor’s agonists that have therapeutic potential for autoimmune disorders such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Such studies play an important role in drug design and lead optimization by developing a mathematical relationship between the chemical structures of compounds and their biological activities.
We used both linear and nonlinear techniques such as MLR and ANN respectively to model these compounds together with techniques such as Stepwise-MLR, GA-MLR and GA-ANN in the variable selection step as it is an important step in every QSAR study. Since topological descriptors are well... 

Cardiovascular diseases are very common nowadays and are one of the main reasons of death. Being among the major types of these diseases, correct and in time diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is very important. The best and most accurate CAD diagnosis method by now is recognized as Angiography, which has many side effects and is costly. Thus researchers are seeking for inexpensive, though still accurate, methods. Existing studies have used several features in collecting data from patients, while applying different data mining algorithms to increase accuracy. In this thesis, a data set is introduced which utilizes several new and effective features for CAD diagnosis, as well as a... 

In Hemodialysis, membrane dialyser and commonly hollow fibers are used to treat patients who suffer from end stage renal failure. When blood flows into membrane, it loses uremic toxins such as urea and creatinine. On the other hand, some of the vital proteins of blood pass through the membrane or they are adsorbed on the membrane surface. The more hydrophilicity of the membrane, the less adsorption of proteins is. In this study, to achieve high hydrophilicity and low adsorption of proteins on the polysulfone membrane surface, the presence of hydrophilic nano-particles SBA-15 in membrane composition is investigated. The nano-particles with mass percentages 0.25%, 0.5 % and 1 % to one mass of... 

Problems with the mitral valve can make the heart less efficient at pumping blood around the body. Severe problems can lead to heart failure if the valve is not surgically repaired or replaced. A simple approximation of the heart geometry is used and the valve dimensions are based on reported measurements. The primary objective for this study is to design and simulate the opening and closing behavior of the mitral valve using 2D fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model using ADINA software in order to evaluate and investigate the hemodynamic performance and problems of mitral valve, in which the blood is described as a viscous incompressible fluid, and the mitral valve is described as an... 

Profile Monitoring is a new research topics in the field of statistical process control. In many applications of statistical quality control, sometimes quality of a process or product described by a relationship between a response variable and one or more independent variables.The researchers call this relationship profile. The study seeks to demonstrate that monitoring profiles In addition, the industry can be effective in medical field and improves control of the patient's condition by a doctor. Profiles are usually modeled with a linear regression equation, non-linear or polynomial. finally, the results of this study, using actual data, models and methods to predict and control... 

Infectious diseases have always been a threat to mankind, and is the greatest causes of death of children and young people. Although this type of diseases is a serious threat to public health; the allocated resources in responding to a semi-large pandemic is inadequate. Therefore, it is important to spend the resources in the most effective and efficient ways to improve pandemic response capability. That is why considerable research be devoted to study different aspects of epidemics, and developed mathematical approaches to choose appropriate strategies in pandemic response. Since the epidemic models are simplified means to describe the transmission of disease, researchers often use these... 

The purpose of this study is to assess the inhibitory effects of an appropriate nanoparticles loaded with gallic acid on the fibrillation of alpha-synuclein. Alpha-synuclein is a major component of protein plaques in synucleinopathies, particularly Parkinson’s disease. Gallic acid (GA, 3,4,5-trihydroxy benzoic acid) is a well–known small molecule which can inhibit the formation of α-synuclein fibrils. For the process of fibrillation, purified protein was incubated at 37◦C and pH 7.2. Fibrillation was analyzed by the standard fibril methods.after that investigated fabricating of gallic acid trapped in the chitosan nanoparticles and gallic acid loaded in chitosan –coated mesoporous silica... 

In this study, a brief definition of data mining and its variants were mentioned. Then the methods and algorithms for clustering and their application in the field of healthcare is studied. Concidering the available data for anemia disease, including numeric and categorical attributes, the k-medoids clustering algorithm was selected. This algorithm is one of the simple, powerful and most widely used methods for clustering. The drawbacks of this algorithm are as follow: requires a user input on the number of clusters, depends on the initial data and traps in the local optima. In this thesis, an improved method of clustering-based on Random Forest and k-medoids algorithms has been developed.... 

This paper studies and compares the effect of "Dutch disease" in Iranian economy in two periods of rising oil price (1973-1978) and (2004-2010). The study presents a DSGE model to analysis the behavior of economic variable in both periods and to address this question that whether or not policy maker has learning behavior. The model consists of households, final goods producers who divided in tradable goods and non-tradable goods sector and the government. I use calibration methods to estimate models parameters.Comparison of simulated results and the actual macroeconomic variables in Iran during 1338-1390 indicates that, first of all Dutch disease effect occur in both periods of oil shock so... 

Levodopa [L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, or L-DOPA] is an important neurotransmitter used for the treatment of neural disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. Abnormal L-Dopa concentrations in biological fluids can be used for evaluation of diseases such as Parkinson’s diseases. In the first part of this thesis, a rapid and sensitive method for levodopa detection was reported which is based on in situ formation of polylevodopa nanoparticles. The assay is very simple and low cost and uses only NaOH and HCl as reagents. Under alkaline conditions, levodopa is spontaneously oxidized to its quinone derivative and shows the fluorescence properties. The fluorescence signal of the oxidation product of... 

Apnea Bradycardia (AB) episodes (breathing pauses associated with a significant fall in heart rate) are the most common disease in preterm infants. Consequences associated with apnea-bradycardia episodes involve a compromise in oxygenation and tissue perfusion, a poor neuromotor prognosis at childhood and a predisposing factor to sudden-death syndrome in preterm newborns. It is therefore important that these episodes are recognized (early detected or predicted if possible), to start an appropriate treatment and to prevent the associated risks. In this thesis, we propose two Bayesian Network (BN) approaches (Markovian and Switching Kalman Filter) for the early detection of apnea bradycardia... 

Obstruction of Left Anterior Descending artery (LAD) due to thrombosis or atherosclerotic plaques is the leading cause of death world–wide. Targeted delivery of drugs through micro- Nano-particles holds noteworthy promise which can make clot busting or the restenosis treatment with minimal toxicity possible. In this work, Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) simulations of blood flow through a patient-specific reconstructed geometry of LAD artery have been conducted using a non-Newtonian hematocrit (HCT) dependent model for blood. Based on physiological facts, 25, 45 and 65 percentages of HCT were assumed as acceptable representations of anemic, healthy and diabetic blood conditions,... 

Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) which affects the liver. Several dynamic models have been developed to mathematically describe the HBV infection and antiviral therapy. In this thesis, a nonlinear adaptive control strategy is developed for the treatment of the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection inside a body. The considered nonlinear HBV model has three state variables, the numbers of uninfected and infected cells and free viruses. The proposed control law is designed for the antiviral drug input such that the number of free viruses per unit volume of the blood and consequently the number of infected cells decrease to some desired values. The...