Sharif Digital Repository

In recent years, much attention has been paid to the preparation of nanoparticles as carriers for drug delivery. Nanoparticle carriers, by changing the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug, improve the function of the drug and reduce its side effects. In the manufacture of nanoparticles, various materials such as polymers, metal particles, lipids, etc. are used to transfer the drugs, which can produce a different shape and size of the particles depending on their production method. The purpose of this project is the synthesis of liposomal nanoparticles (as nano-carriers) to load an antibiotic (Eucalyptus oil) and study the release of the encapsulated drug in the simulated environment of... 

In this project, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized and coated with different polymeric materials for drug delivery application. For this purpose, water dispersible oleic acid(OA)- pluronic block copolymer coated magnetite iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized that can be loaded with proper doses of cephalexin. Our data indicated that formulation of iron oxide nanoparticles was developed by optimizing the amount of oleic acid required to coat iron oxide nanoparticles and then by optimizing the amount of pluronic required to form an aqueous dispersion of oleic acid coated nanoparticles. Synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles was done by the addition of a strong base (NH4OH) to ferrous... 

In this research, an attempt was made to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the targeted and controlled release systems of the anticancer drug (doxorubicin) by using inorganic and organic compounds as well as inorganic-organic hybrids. For this purpose, a whole class of aluminum fumarate metal-organic frameworks-based and reduced-graphene oxide nanocarriers were synthesized and using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis were characterized, and their nano-composites based on organotin-complexes with the approach of achieving a stable drug delivery system,... 

Theranostic liposomes have recently found a broad range of applications in nanomedicine due to stability, the high solubility of biomacromolecules, bioavailability, efficacy, and low adverse effects. However, the limitations of liposomes concerning the short systemic circulation in the body, limited controllability of the release rate, and the inability of in vivo imaging remain challenging. Herein, the development of novel hybrid ultrasound-activated piezoelectric nanoparticles based on a hybrid liposome nanocarrier composed of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and Silibinin (a hydrophobic drug) is presented. The hybrid nanoparticles are an... 

Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel is a biocompatible material, which has been widely applied in drug delivery applications. Microspheres, nanospheres, and other types of particle-based drug delivery vehicles have proven capacity for long-term release. There is growing interest to overcoming the inherent pharmacological limitations of hydrogels by formulating particulate systems into the hydrogel matrix to form new delivery platforms. We here describe a simple composite system based on poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels containing entrapped drug-loaded poly (lactic acid) (PLA) microspheres for controlled delivery over extended period of time. Gamma-Irradiation and freeze-thawing was... 

Drug-eluting bone implant coatings is a new era that has gained a lot of attention in recent years. In this matter, drug is loaded in the coating and local and targeted release of the drug results in preventing the side effects of implantation and increasing the healing process of the patient. The aim of this project was to synthesis the antibiotic eluting chitosan-based composite using electrophoretic deposition for bone implant coating. By using electrophoretic deposition chitosan and chitosan-bioglass composite coatings were synthesized. Then the probability of loading of drug into coating by using electrophoretic deposition was evaluated and by using this process chitosan and... 

Quince seed gum is a natural material that was used in Iranian traditional medicine for wound treatment. Alginate is a beneficial biomaterial that has been used in making commercial wound dressings for a long time. In this work, the preparation method and properties of films based on Alginate and Quince seed gum for drug delivery and wound healing have been investigated. According to the obtained results about crosslinking and plasticizing, the suitable condition of synthesis is 0.5% CaCl2 concentration, 2min soaking time, and 13% glycerol in crosslinking solution. In this crosslinking solution, a film with good mechanical properties (tensile strength: 13MPa, elongation: 27.3%, and Young’s... 

Drug delivery systems (DDS), which, are sensitive to tumor medium have high importance. one of the most important problem of current treatment of cancer is damage of the normal tissue, which, it is expected to solve by smart drug delivery systems. In such cases, one or more features of cancer medium cause to release of the drug. One of features of cancer medium is high concentration of reactive oxygen species and hydrogen peroxide in the most common between them. The purpose of this study is to build a drug delivery system, which it is sensitive to hydrogen peroxide. This carrier has 4 main parts. The first part is anti-cancer drug, which, it is located in the carrier. Second part is... 

Controlled release is a crucial factor in tissue engineering and cancer-therapy applications. The main purpose of current research is to synthesis smart magnetic nanocarriers for hydrophobic drug and embedding them in a fibrous platform for anti-cancer/ tissue engineering applications. In this regard, three different drug delivery systems of magnetic nanocolloid, magnetic fibers and hydrogels were studied. In the first phase, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were synthesized and then were modified using oleic acid and thermo-sensitive polymer of pluronic F127/F68. After characterization of this composite, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to model the lower... 

Cancer is one of the most critical diseases in the last century. Numerous efforts have been conducted to treat cancer. According to the report of World Health Organization, one death of every six deaths is due to this disease. More than 100 cancer types have been identified. Among these types, CNS tumor is one of the most critical cancer types with high mortality (65.9%). Various methods have been applied to treat this disease, but still, treatment efficiency is low. In this thesis, the effect of ultrasound waves on drug delivery into CNS tumors was evaluated using both experimental and simulation devices. A syringe pump was used to inject the drug solution into tissue-mimicking gels (CED).... 

Transport phenomena i.e. momentum, heat and mass transfer are occurring inside the eye constantly. Any disturbance in each of these could lead to diseases or ocular problems. Konwledge of transport phenomena can help surgeons and specialists to identify problems more easily and cure the problems effectively. Further more, these phenomena have a great impact on drug delivery inside the eye. Therefore deep understanding of them makes investigation of different therapies easy and convenient. Consequently this understanding could lead to choose the best method and route of administration available. A precise model which is in consistence with the real human eye has been developed and the ocular... 

Since 1992, many different methods have been introduced and developed according to the type of application of catalytic Janu micromotors in various fields. In this study, the method of particles masking was used to construct magnesium based catalytic micromotors. The stabilizing of magnesium microparticles was carried out in 3 methods, resuspending with PVP, paraffin and static electricity generation on Slides. Finally, all three methods quality was investigated and paraffin stabilizing was best selected for the stability of particles on the slides. After making the micromotors, the effect of several factors, including the amount of sputtering time, PBS medium with different Ph of (7.4 , 6.4... 

Bacterial cellulose is a kind of cellulose with high purity and Crystallization, which is mainly produced by gram-negative bacteria in aqueous media containing a sugar source.Cellulose produced by this method is in the form of nanofibers and one of its considerable aspects, nowadays, is that this kind of cellulose is used as a drug carrier system for treating various diseases. Azithromycin is used as an antibiotic for the treatment of a wide range of bacterial infections. In this study, cellulose nanofibers were synthesized by gluconacetobacter and its surface was modified using 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mg/ml carboxymethylcellulose solution in sodium acetate buffer. Then, by stabilizing azithromycin... 

As the first barrier in front of external damages, skin is prone to the largest number of damages applied to one’s body. Acute wounds are considerably prevalent world-widely, imposing very high costs to governments. The purpose of the current project, is to propose a novel skin scaffold capable of growth factor delivery for enhancing the wound healing process in acute wounds. Such a scaffold should be able to decrease the required time for healing process, also to improve the quality of the regenerated skin compared to available commercial products. Furthermore, it should be highly biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic. In this project, to manufacture the artificial skin scaffold, a... 

In this thesis, nanocomposites based on magnetic graphene oxide and iron oxide nanoparticles coated with smart polymeric materials (by polymerization of monomers such as glycidyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, and N-isopropyl acrylamide) via Reversible Addition−Fragmentation Chain-Transfer (RAFT) polymerization were successfully synthesized. The combination of large surface area in nanoparticles and different functional groups in polymeric layers can give unique properties to nanocomposites. Therefore, we synthesized various smart nanocomposites with this perspective. After synthesizing these nanocomposites, smart magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by FT-IR, NMR, XPS, TGA, DLS, VSM, GPC,... 

Recent drug delivery strategies have attempted to maximize the concentration of chemotherapeutic molecules into the tumors, while minimizing their systemic distribution. Doxorubicin has been widely used for a variety of cancers, successfully producing regression in acute leukaemia, lymphomas, soft-tissue and osteogenic sarcomas, paediatric malignancies and adult solid tumours, in particular breast and lung carcinomas. Common adverse effects of doxorubicin include hair loss, myelosuppression, nausea and vomiting, oral mucositis, oesophagitis, diarrhoea, skin reactions and serious reactions include hypersensitivity reactions, radiation recall, heart damage and liver dysfunction. Chitosan has... 

In this study, conductive and semi-conductive nanocomposites based on biocompatible and biodegradable polymers were prepared and their applications in different areas were studied. Considering huge environmental contaminants derived from various industries, biodegradable polymers (synthetic or natural) have attracted more attention in industrial and biological applications. Aside from their eco-friendly properties, there are other advantages such as availability, different chemical structures, uniqe physical properties and capability to improve their characteristics.One way to improve the properties of the biocompatible polymers is fabrication of their composites with different materials to... 

In the present research the methods and challenges to ocular drug delivery have been investigated with more emphasis on ocular diseases that do not have any approved treatment. Periocular route is a promising alternative to the common routes of ocular drug delivery especially for treatment of posterior eye diseases. Based on barriers for efficient drug delivery to the eye, magnetic drug targeting revealed to be influential to eliminate some obstacles of this route which has not been worked before. It is hypothesized that the particles can pulled into the eye or will be trapped inside the sclera tissue or even if it is not happened, they can stay behind the sclera and magnetic force can... 

Insulin pump treatment is considered the most physiological way to imitate the healthy body's insulin profile in patients with diabetes. They provide a precisely controlled rate of insulin delivery to diabetic patients who would normally need multiple daily injections to regulate blood glucose levels. The firmware allows numerous modifications to the bolus dose and basal rate to enable patients to manage insulin levels in response to events such as eating, sleeping, and exercise.
In this Study, we have first investigated different models of insulin pumps on the market and chose the Spring ZoneTM insulin pump model for our study due to its innovative technology. This pump employs a... 

In this study the transport and deposition of pharmaceutical particles delivered by a commercial metered dose inhaler (MDI) is investigated in a combination of human upper airways, inhaler, and spacer. The emphasis of the present work is on the effects of evaporation of ethanol from particles, inlet momentum of particles, and use of spacer on their transport and deposition phenomena. The pharmaceutical particles are typically delivered with high initial momentum to human upper airways. It is believed that this initial momentum is responsible for increased undesirable deposition of particles in upper airways, especially in case of particles larger than 1 micrometer in diameter. In the present...