Sharif Digital Repository

Due to the increasing influence of distribution generation , their effect in planning can't be ignord , especially solar panels ,which are incresing rapidly. The main purpose of this thesis is to an active distribution network that annually load bus and the amount of photovoltaic production in it increases and plan dynamically. In the planning that is done , uncertanty in the amount comsumption load and uncertanty in the pattern of sunlight and also annual innterest rates in the classical system we have planned by optimizing the network expansion costs , in addition to supplying the load bus, we can keep the voltage drop bus and line filling within the allowable . To do this , we considered... 

In recent years, due to restructuring in the electric power industry, distributed generation has become one of the most important subjects and DGs and renewable energy sources have been increasingly expected as a supplement and an alternative to a conventional large scale central power system. their success depends not only on the distribution of the available renewable energy sources in a region but also on the power grids connectable capacity in the area. Photovoltaic system is one of the best RESs for residential electricity supply because it is noiseless and solar power is widely available and households can use it via photovoltaic cells in their homes. There are two major problems... 

Energy and environment crisis in past decades raised concerns about fossil fuels use and has accelerated renewable energy application in terms of solar electric, solar thermal and wind turbines. Due to the fluctuating nature in renewable resources, renewable electric power generation has a stochastic nature that makes it difficult to use by the electricity consumers. Energy storage plays a key role to put more control on renewable power generation.Lead-acid battery is a storage technology that is widely used in photovoltaic systems. Battery investment and maintenance costs account for a big part of photovoltaic system costs. Charging and discharging profiles of the battery has a great impact... 

Nowadays energy consumption increases in our daily life and incredibly enhancement of growth rate can be seen recent years. Hence, the use of renewable energy is prioritized. Solar energy is one of the choices because it is free and available. In this research, it has been tried to get electrical and thermal power at a reasonable cost both during the day and night. The system is equipped with a linear parabolic concentrator with a collector installed in the center of the concentrator which has been installed on its faces photovoltaic cells and thermoelectric modules, and five different systems have been tested with different components. Also, the paraffin has been used as a phase change... 

Photovoltaic phenomena is the base of Photovoltaic cells technology that can transform the solar insolation to electricity directly. In this transformation, the solar insolation intensity is the important factor to increase the performance of the Photovoltaic cells but one of the biggest barriers in the extension way of this technology is its more cost that need to be decrease. Concentration of solar radiation method is the best way to increase the performance of Photovoltaic systems and decrease its initial cost. At this project a novel structure of solar parabolic through concentrator is investigated experimentally and analytically. The usage of Thermoelectric module with Photovoltaic... 

Despite the excellent photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the instability of PSCs under severe environment (e.g., humidity, intense light) limits further commercialization of such devices. Therefore, in recent years, many researches are conducted on utilizing Perovskite Quantum Dots (PQDs) to enhance performance of PSCs. Herein, CsPbI3 PQDs interfacial layer is incorporated in the perovskite/hole transport material (HTM) interface, on the purpose of increasing charge carrier mobility and preventing electron-hole recombination to increase performance of the PSCs. CsPbI3 PQDs is synthesized at 170℃ with oleic acid and oleylamine as organic ligands by hot-injection... 

To meet the high energy demand in greenhouse cultivation, clean technologies have been suggested. This research provides a computational and modeling framework to examine the integration of three systems including a photovoltaic panel, earth_air heat exchanger, and industrial symbiosis, to produce three types of energy (electricity cooling, and heating) in a Venlo-type greenhouse. To estimate the minimum energy required to maintain environmental parameters in optimal plant conditions, an energy demand model was developed with the ability to consider the effect of energy stored in the ground. For a greenhouse in Tehran, the annual heating requirement was calculated as 432 kWh/m2 and 227...