Sharif Digital Repository

A biocompatible ferrofluid have been prepared by co-precipitation of FeCl2.4H2O and FeCl3.6H2O under ultrasonic irradiation and with NaOH as alkaline agent. Also cystein was used as capping agent in the solution. Magnetic properties of the produced ferrofluid then determined by VSM test and magnetite nanoparticles were characterized by XRD and TEM techniques. Results indicate the presence of a biocompatible superparamagnetic ferrofluid including magnetite nanoparticles with particle size ranging under 15 nm. The effect of ultrasonic irradiation on presence of a sharp particle size distribution then denoted by comparing the condition with production without ultrasonic irradiation  

In this work, the effect of chemical composition on structural, mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline Finemet-type alloys with the composition of Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1 , Fe77Si11B9Nb2.4Cu0.6 and (〖Fe_0.5 Co_0.5)〗_77 Si_11 B_9 Nb_2.4 Cu_(0.6 )was investigated. The samples were prepared by vacuum arc melting of high purity constitution in order to obtain a nanocrystalline structure. The amorphous ribbons were then annealed under vacuum with the same conditions of temperatures and time to compare their properties. The structural and thermal properties of the samples were analyzed using various techniques such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Differential Scanning... 

Al /Al3Ti in-situ composite have been fabricated by mechanical alloying and two-step hot pressing of powders containing Al and 20%wt Ti. Samples were characterized by using optical microscopy, density measurement, brinel hardness, XRD analysis. An increasing density was observed with increasing pressure until certain pressure and after that the density of composite decreased, which can be attributed to the increase in the level of porosity level and the amount of forming Al3Ti. The samples that hot pressed under cycle 5 and 6, showed the most volume fraction of in-situ phases on the matrix. The wear behavior of Al based composites reinforced with in situ Al3Ti particles has been investigated... 

In the present research, a novel method for the fabrication of Al/Al3 Ti-Al2O3 composites and nanocomposites based on the thermal degradation of the refectory ceramic “Aluminium Titanate (AT)” or Al2TiO5 by powder metallurgy route. This research encompasses some precise subsequent steps. At first stage, nanostructured aluminium titanate nanofibers and particles were synthesized via a citrate sol gel process in which citric acid was used as a chelating agent. At second step, the possible chemical reactions between Al and aluminium titanate were taken into consideration both in powder form and in bulk form. Thermal analysis results indicated that it is feasible to decompose aluminium titanate... 

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of vision loss in those aged over 50. There are two main types of AMD, Wet and Dry form. Wet AMD is more severe though more treatable. There are three conventional treatments for AMD including laser therapy, surgery and intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF into the eye. Delivery of drugs to the posterior segment of the eye is still challenging and several implants and devices are currently under investigation for their ability to stimulate the retina, producing visual percepts. The application of intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) has expanded tremendously from the time of its introduction into ophthalmic care since 3 years ago.... 

Photodynamic therapy that has been developed over last century, now has become more widely used medical tool for the treatment of various diseases such as cancer. This technique involves delivery of photosensitizing drugs, irradiation of light and motivation of drugs. The limitation of light penetration in body tissue, may resolve by application of upconversion nanoparticles. Upconverting nanoparticles could help treatment of cancer tumors in deep or critical points of body by converting high penetrating Near-Infrared emissions to higher energy visible emissions. In the present work, rare earth elements doped TiO2 nanoparticles are synthesized. The photodynamic properties of rare earth... 

Enhancement of photocatalytic characteristics of semiconductors have been always a challenge for the researchers. Doping semiconductors for adjusting their energy gap and changing their morphology in order to increase their effective surface area and reaction sites are examples of their endeavor to overcome the challenge. In this research, nanostructured Aluminum Titanate powder was synthesized with Sol-Gel process and by altering synthesis parameters, the best synthesis condition to get the best possible band gap was discovered. Moreover, we examined the photocatalytic properties of the recently developed material “tialite”, which were not studied before and also evaluated the effect... 

Sonodynamic therapy has been developed over the last century, now it has become more widely used as a medical tool for the treatment of various diseases such as cancer. This technique involves delivery of sonosensitizing drugs, irradiation of ultrasound waves and motivation of drugs. In this thesis surface modification process with polymer and biocompatible surfactant on TiO2 nanoparticles has been done due to stabilization of TiO2 nanoparticles in neutral pH which is similar to inside-body situation. In the last step, for cancer therapy, doxorubicin as a cancer drug was loaded on TiO2 which was surface modified by PVA. The results revealed the best ratio of (PVA: TiO2), (SDS: TiO2), (SDS:... 

It is known that Fluoride ions strongly affect bone mineralization and formation. In the present study, the engineered bone tissue scaffolds are fabricated using silk fibroin (SF) and flouridated TiO2 nanoparticles. TiO2 nanoparticles are modified by fluoride ions, and different levels (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt.%) of the fluoridated TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2-F) were subsequently added to the SF matrix through phase separation method to prepare silk fibroin/flouridated TiO2 nanocomposite scaffolds (SF/TiO2-F). Phase structure, functinal groups, morphology and mechanical properties of the obtained scaffolds were evaluated by X-ray difraction method (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy... 

In this thesis, manganese oxide nanoparticles with about 5 nm size were synthesized via solvothermal to maximize surface and active sites for proton relaxation. The synthesized nanoparticles were coated with gentisic acid to acquire suitable colloidal stability and biocompatibility. The nanoparticles showed low cytotoxicity in MTT assay. Electrosteric mechanisim was employed for colloidal stability. This mechanisim doesn’t need high surface charge and thick coat which are vital for particles functionality. Then by cell culture eliminating and adding protamine sulfade, nanoparticles uptake were increased tremendously. In this thesis for first time Prussian blue was utilized for staining... 

Recent drug delivery strategies have attempted to maximize the concentration of chemotherapeutic molecules into the tumors, while minimizing their systemic distribution. Doxorubicin has been widely used for a variety of cancers, successfully producing regression in acute leukaemia, lymphomas, soft-tissue and osteogenic sarcomas, paediatric malignancies and adult solid tumours, in particular breast and lung carcinomas. Common adverse effects of doxorubicin include hair loss, myelosuppression, nausea and vomiting, oral mucositis, oesophagitis, diarrhoea, skin reactions and serious reactions include hypersensitivity reactions, radiation recall, heart damage and liver dysfunction. Chitosan has... 

Since 1992, many different methods have been introduced and developed according to the type of application of catalytic Janu micromotors in various fields. In this study, the method of particles masking was used to construct magnesium based catalytic micromotors. The stabilizing of magnesium microparticles was carried out in 3 methods, resuspending with PVP, paraffin and static electricity generation on Slides. Finally, all three methods quality was investigated and paraffin stabilizing was best selected for the stability of particles on the slides. After making the micromotors, the effect of several factors, including the amount of sputtering time, PBS medium with different Ph of (7.4 , 6.4... 

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of vision loss in those aged over 50. There are two main types of AMD, Wet and Dry form. Wet AMD is more severe though more treatable. There are three conventional treatments for AMD including laser therapy, surgery and intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF into the eye. Delivery of drugs to the posterior segment of the eye is still challenging and several implants and devices are currently under investigation for their ability to stimulate the retina, producing visual percepts. The application of intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) has expanded tremendously from the time of its introduction into ophthalmic care since 3 years ago.... 

In this study insitu Al-Al3Ti-Al2O3 nanocomposite has been fabricated based on thermal decomposition of tialite (Al2TiO5) precursor in aluminium matrix through powder metallurgy method. Also the effect of high energy mechanical milling and hot extrusion on this procedure has been investigated. In the first step nano-structured tialite were synthesized through citrate sol gel methods. Then, different volume fraction of tialte was mixed with aluminium by high energy vibratory milling. The results of X-ray differaction analysis, scanning electron microscopy and differential thermal analysis showed that mechanical milling can degrade stability of tialite and cause strain-induced decomposition,... 

The development of novel three dimensional degradable porous scaffolds is of great interest for tissue engineering.silk ibroin has recently received intensive attention as a material for use in fabrication of 3D porous scaffolds beacuse of its excellent biocompatibility, physical and mechanical properties, and easy processibility. However, silk alone has no osteoinductive property and considerebely lower mechanical properties than native bone. In order to overcome this limitation silk fibroin can be combined with other materials.the properties of scaffold can be significantly improved and new features can be endowed by the second ccomposition. The present study deals with fabrication of... 

Development of new engineered materials for bone tissue engineering applications is rapidly growing. The most important characteristics of materials, which can be used for bone tissue engineering applications, are appropriate mechanical properties, degradation rate, swelling behavior, and bioactivity. The goal of the current investigation is to study the feasibility of incorporating a modified nano-biocomposite based on biodegradable thermoplastic starch for bone tissue engineering. Nano particles of ?-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite were incorporated for reinforcing the matrix as well as improving the bioactivity. A second biodegradable polymer, i.e. polycaprolactone, was used... 

Improvement of semiconductors photocatalytic activity by different means has always been one of the challenges for researchers. Semiconductors doping for band-gap engineering and changing morphology to increase specific surface area and photocatalytic reaction sites are amongst these efforts. In this research simultaneous effect of these two parameters for three morphologies containing nanoparticle, nanowire and micro dandelion, simultaneously doped with carbon and nitrogen has been investigated. Final purpose of this thesis is to decrease the band-gap energy close to soft UV photon energies to make surface photodynamic therapy possible. Nanoparticle morphology with size distribution between... 

In the present investigation, the mechanical alloying (MA) technique was employed to produce nanocrystalline Al-Ti alloys. Elemental Al and Ti powders were mixed with different compositions (0, 5, 10, and 20 wt.% Ti) and then, milled in a planetary ball-mill up to 40 h. The variations of powder morphology and particle size, apparent and tap densities, microstructure, grain size, lattice strain, and microhardness were studied with increasing the milling time. While dissolution of Ti in the Al matrix resulted to the formation of supersaturated Al-Ti solid solution in the samples containing 5 and 10 wt.% Ti, the specimen with 20 wt.% Ti, eventually, led to nanocomposite powder with different... 

In this work, hypereutectic Al-20Si-5Fe-2Ni powder was prepared by gas atomizing method. The alloy was fabricated by melting of commercially pure metals and re-melting at approximately 200 K above the liquidus temperature. The molten alloy was then atomized by nitrogen at a gas pressure of 0.8 MPa. The nozzle diameter was 3 mm. The aluminum alloy powders were milled under pure Argon atmosphere with a ball to powder ratio of 10:1 in a planetary ball for 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours. The gas-atomized and milled powders were then consolidated by cold sintering method. Microstructure and phase analysis were performed by SEM and XRD technique. Mechanical properties were evaluated by microhardness and... 

In this study, soft magnetic composite properties of iron base with insulation magnetite nanoparticles have been studied. First magnetite nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation method. The iron and magnetite particles with different weights were dissolved in acetone until the acetone evaporates and the composition uniformity of iron and magnetite powder was obtained. Then press the button on the 4 samples of 400, 600, 800, 1000 MPa, and the weight of Magnetite 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 percent were cold. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope test results showed that iron and magnetite are homogenous distributed. The measurement of AC magnetic properties also suggest that by...