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- Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
- Language: Farsi
- Document No: 40280 (06)
- University: Sharif University of Technology
- Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- Advisor(s): Alemzadeh, Iran; Vossoughi, Manuchehr
- Abstract:
- This research relates to an improved method for making surfactant esters, especially sorbitan monostearate and tristearate. Sorbitan esters of fatty acid, stearate are derived from a reaction between sorbitan and fatty acid. Sorbitan fatty acid ester called sorbitan ester, are surfactants highly safe to use on human body and are widely used as a food additive in the production process as emulsifiers. Sorbitan esters are well known emulsifiers suitable for use in food, pharmaceutical products as well as many other applications. Despite its simple name, sorbitan ester is complex mixture of molecules. One such technique involves direct esterification of sorbitol or an intramolecular condensate of sorbitol with fatty acids in the presence of acid or alkali catalysts in one step process. In two step process, sorbitol is first dehydrated to sorbitan and then esterified with catalysis. aluminum colored, zinc colored, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, carbon active, phosphoric acid, sulphuric acid and sodium hydroxide are examined as a catalyst. Aluminum colored and phosphoric acid are suitable in the first step process. Acid and alkaline are the second step catalyst and the latter one is better catalyst. In this research we proposed a new method to purify the sorbitan ester that safe and cheaper than the other previous methods.
- Keywords:
- Esterification ; Sorbitan Ester ; Sorbitan Monostearate ; Sorbitan Tristearate ; Emulsifier ; Sorbitol
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