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Demand Response Participation in Wholesale Electricity Markets

Parvania, Masoud | 2013

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  1. Type of Document: Ph.D. Dissertation
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 44910 (05)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Electrical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Fotuhi-Firuzabad, Mahmoud; Shahidehpour, Mohammad
  7. Abstract:
  8. Promising advancement in smart technologies, in terms of information, control and communication infrastructures, along with utilization of demand response (DR) and distributed energy resources in system operation is transforming the legacy power systems to smart electricity grids. Smart grid operators would be able to utilize flexibility of loads and electricity energy storage (EES) systems for secure and economic operation of power systems.
    The idea of DR and EES participation in wholesale energy markets is proposed in this thesis. A hierarchical framework for DR participation in day-ahead energy markets is developed in which DR aggregators aggregate small customers’ load reduction and offer the aggregated responses to the system operator. The system operator receives the aggregators’ DR offers and the generating units’ power production offers, clears the day-ahead energy market and announces the awarded offers. The aggregators, then, ask the customers with awarded offers to implement the DR in real-time. A model for day-ahead market clearing considering DR participation is first proposed in this thesis. The proposed market clearing model is then extended by considering the customers’ load reduction options. The customers’ load reduction options are modeled in terms of physical options which could include load curtailment (LC), load shifting (LS), use of onsite generation (OG), and use of energy storage (ES) systems. A model is then proposed for optimal participation of DR aggregators in the day-ahead energy markets, using the proposed load reduction options. The problem of EES participation in energy markets is considered and two models are proposed for day-ahead operation of centralized and distributed EES. The proposed models in this thesis are implemented on a 6-bus system and on the IEEE-RTS. The results obtained demonstrate the technical, economical and environmental benefits of DR and EES participation in wholesale energy markets.
  9. Keywords:
  10. Demand Response ; Day-ahead Energy Market ; Distributed Energy Resorurces (DER) ; Aggregator ; Electrical Load Reduction

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