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Preparation and Application of the Glassy Carbon Electrodes Modified with Carbon Nanomaterials for Studies of the Electrochemical Behavior and Quantitative Determination of Metoclopramide and Furazolidone

Naderi, Leila | 2015

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 47483 (03)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemistry
  6. Advisor(s): Shahrokhian, Saeed
  7. Abstract:
  8. In the first part, a novel electrochemical sensor based on nanocellulose-carbon nanoparticles (NC–CNPs) nanocomposite film modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) is developed for the analysis of metoclopramide (MCP). The electrochemical behavior of MCP was investigated on the surface of the modified electrode using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Characterization of the surface morphology and properties of NC/CNPs was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Effective experimental variables, such as scan rate, pH of the supporting electrolyte, drop size of the casted modifier suspension and accumulation conditions of MCP on the surface of NC/CNPs/GCE were optimized. The best response was resulted in pH 7.0 after the accumulation at open circuit conditions for 450 s. The modified electrode showed a distinctive anodic response towards MCP with a considerable enhancement (49 fold) compared to the bare GCE. Under the optimized conditions, the modified electrode exhibited a wide linear dynamic range of 0.06–2.00 μM with a detection limit of 6 nM for the voltammetric determination of MCP. The prepared modified electrode showed several advantages such as simple preparation method, high stability, reproducibility, and repetitive usability. The modified electrode is successfully applied for the accurate determination of trace amounts of MCP in pharmaceutical and clinical preparations. In the second part, The electrochemical behavior of Furazolidone (Fu) was investigated on the surface of the modified electrode with different carbon nanomaterials, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanoparticles (CNPs), nanodiamond-graphite (NDG), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and RGO-CNT hybrids (1:3,1:1,and 3:1 ratios) using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The results of voltammetric studies exhibited a considerable increase in the chatodic peak current of Fu on the surface of the modified electrode with RGO compared to the other modified electrodes and also bare GCE. The RGO modified electrode was employed for the voltammetric determination of Fu. The surface morphology and nature of the RGO film was thoroughly characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques. Under the optimized analysis conditions, the modified electrode showed two linear dynamic ranges of 0.001–2.0 μM and 2.0–10.0 μM with a detection limit of 0.3 nM for the voltammetric determination of Fu. The modified electrode was successfully applied for the accurate determination of trace amounts of Fu in pharmaceutical and clinical preparations
  9. Keywords:
  10. Nanocellulose ; Carbon Nanoparticles ; Modified Electrodes ; Cyclic Voltammetry ; Metoclopramide ; Furazolidone ; Reduced Graphene Oxide

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