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- Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
- Language: Farsi
- Document No: 56943 (06)
- University: Sharif University of Technology
- Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- Advisor(s): Frounchi, Masoud
- Abstract:
- In this research, we developed a drug release system of two biocompatible and biodegradable polymers and biocompatible ceramic nanoparticles. Hydrogels of sodium alginate (SA) were crosslinked using calcium chloride. The SA hydrogels were blended with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and mixed with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAP) to make hydrogel nanocomposites in the form of microbeads as drug carriers. Ciprofloxacin was selected as a model antibiotic drug for treatment of bone infection. It was found that SA and PVP form hydrogen bonds and are miscible at whole range of concentrations. Indeed, the SA/PVP blends may be considered as interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs). HAP nanoparticles were dispersed almost uniformly in the matrix of SA/PVP hydrogels. The effect of PVP and HAP nanoparticles in the hydrogels on the release rate of ciprofloxacin in phosphate-buffered saline at pH 7.4 (simulating the body environment) was investigated. It was observed that a hydrogel of 70% sodium alginate and 30% PVP was the most appropriate for controlled drug release, and that adding 3% weight ratio of HAP to the hydrogel helped prevent burst drug release. To characterize the developed drug delivery systems, analyses including infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy were conducted. In the FT-IR spectrum, characteristic polymer-polymer bonds were observed, the XRD spectrum confirmed the crystalline structure of hydroxyapatite and the amorphous structure of the polymers. In SEM, the spherical shape of nanoparticles and the rough surface of microbeads were observed. UV spectroscopy was used to obtain drug release profiles of the drug release systems. Swelling tests indicated that adding PVP and HAP to alginate hydrogels led to reduction in the swelling ratios of hydrogels. The antibacterial activity of the composite hydrogels against gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria was demonstrated, confirming good antibacterial activity of drug delivery systems. The drug release kinetics of the systems were investigated using zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, Hixson-Crowell, and Korsmeyer-Peppas models. The drug release profile followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas equation, indicating a mechanism of Fickian diffusion and controlled release
- Keywords:
- Sodium Alginate ; Polyvinylpyrolidon ; Hydroxyapatite ; Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic ; Drug Release ; Bone Infection ; Nanocomposite Hydrogel ; Biodegradable Nanocomposites
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