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Impact of the Shape of the Loaded Particles on the Mechanical Properties of the Scaffolds and their Interaction with Macrophages

Tymuri, Fatemeh | 2024

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 57142 (06)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Mashayekhan, Shohreh; Safari, Hanieh
  7. Abstract:
  8. Osteoarthritis is a common musculoskeletal disorder and the most prevalent form of arthritis. To date, no comprehensive cure has been reported for osteoarthritis, and its clinical management remains challenging. The primary therapeutic goals in the early stages of osteoarthritis are to increase joint mobility and control disease progression by continuously releasing drugs and molecules modulating inflammatory responses and reducing pain. Smart drug delivery platforms are one of the strategies to overcome the challenges of injectable and oral medications. Additionally, drug carrier particles can have different therapeutic targets based on their size and shape. Different therapeutic approaches, including surgical and non-surgical treatments, are available in advanced stages of osteoarthritis, where the damage may be limited to the cartilage or involve the subchondral bone. Tissue engineering can aid in cartilage repair using hydrogels. The first part of this research aims to investigate the effect of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticle shapes on the behavior of macrophage cells in the synovial membrane. Spherical microparticles were transformed into rod-shaped particles with aspect ratios (AR) of 2, 4, and 7 using a thermal stretching method. The toxicity of microparticles in the presence of Raw 264.7 macrophage cells and the polarization of these cells were also examined using CD206 and CD86 markers. No significant differences were observed in cell viability among all groups except for the AR4 rod-shaped particles. Additionally, no changes were observed in experimental groups after staining with CD206 and CD86 markers. In the second part of the study, the aim was to investigate the effect of polymer microparticle shapes on the mechanical properties of hydrogels. Microparticles with different aspect ratios were combined with hydrogels based on amine-hyaluronic acid (HA-NH2) with a 6% w/v concentration and aldehyde-alginate (Alg-CHO)with a 6% w/v concentration in the presence of calcium ions (Ca2+), and the compressive strength of the hydrogels was measured.Adding microparticles to the hydrogels significantly increased the compressive modulus, but no significant differences were observed in the compressive modulus between hydrogels with microparticles of different shapes and dimensions
  9. Keywords:
  10. Osteoarthritis ; Hyaluronic Acid Gel ; Macrophage Polarization ; Polylactic-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) ; Synovial Membrane ; Arthritis ; Targeted Druy Delivery

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