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Investigation of Biological and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes-Reinforced Hydroxyapatite/Silk Fibroin Composite for Bone Tissue Engineering Application

Gharivi, Mitra | 2024

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 57228 (07)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Materials Science and Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Khachatourian, Adrine Malek; Nemati, Ali; Gholipour Malekabadi, Mazaher
  7. Abstract:
  8. Bone disease and fractures are important global health challenges. To address these issues, the field of bone tissue engineering has emerged as a significant area of study and innovation. Its primary focus is on developing strategies for regenerating damaged bones. The selection of material is crucial for promoting bone repair. Among the several materials investigated, silk fibroin is considered a promising choice due to its cellular compatibility and similarity to the organic component of bone. Hydroxyapatite, a mineral found in natural bone, is commonly utilized in bone tissue engineering applications because of its ability to form bone. Scientific evidence has demonstrated that carbon nanotubes have a dual effect of enhancing both mechanical strength and bone formation. This study involved the in-situ synthesis of hydroxyapatite onto a combination of silk fibroin and functionalized carbon nanotubes, resulting in the formation of three-dimensional porous scaffolds through the freeze-drying method. The results of FTIR analysis proved that the addition of carbon nanotubes increases the β-sheet structure from 29.23 to 41.68%. The physical properties evaluation revealed that carbon nanotubes reduce the porosity and pore size. Also, by increasing the amount of carbon nanotubes from 0 to 8 wt.% by weight, the compressive strength increases from 89.93 to 304.74 kPa and the compressive modulus from 10.9 to 49.13 kPa. The investigation of in-vitro biological characteristics revealed a decrease in swelling percentage and degradability rate, as well as an increase in biomineralization in the body simulation solution in the presence of carbon nanotubes. Finally, cytotoxicity studies showed that adding carbon nanotubes up to 5 wt.% does not endanger the viability of fibroblast cells. In general, it can be concluded that the prepared composite scaffolds have a high potential for use in bone regeneration applications
  9. Keywords:
  10. Silk Fibroin ; Carbon Nanotubes ; Hydroxyapatite ; Bone Tissue Engineering ; Bone Regeneration ; Three Dimensional Scaffolds

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