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Pathology of Iran's Water Resources Management Laws Using A Systems Dynamics Approach and the Development of Necessary Frameworks for New Law Development

Maleki Ghaleh, Hamid Reza | 2024

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 57513 (09)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Civil Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Ardakanian, Reza; Khorashadizadeh, Farkhondeh; Bagheri, Ali
  7. Abstract:
  8. The water crisis in Iran is not only caused by climatic changes, in other words, human factors have also influenced the increase in water consumption. The intertwining of various economic, political, and social factors has caused a direct and dynamic impact on water resources. Undoubtedly, one of the most important processes in policy-making and in the continuation of planning the country's water resources is the approval of useful laws from the point of view of implementation, monitoring and finally having a positive impact on the subject under discussion. From this point of view, the main research question is the role of laws on the current state of water resources management. The first step to examining the country's water resources legislation is to examine the country's historical course of water rights. In line with this, the history of water rights, doctrine, and policies at the country level will inevitably be examined. The results of the review of the principles governing the management of the country's water resources indicate the rule of three different eras on water resources. The first period is the period of management based on customary laws, then management based on private ownership, and finally management based on public ownership. Next, the current situation, which is the result of past actions, should be examined. For this reason, by using the system thinking approach, cause and effect relationships between different and influential elements of water resources are determined with the help of Vensim (Ventana System) software. In determining the causal relationships, the influential components are identified and determined by using the theme analysis method and the library study method. Therefore, the laws related to water resources management are evaluated in two different parts—first, the agricultural sector accounts for the majority of water consumption in the country. The result of the analysis of laws related to agriculture indicates that these laws affect water consumption in 3 different ways. These 3 different methods are: 1- Laws related to agricultural development with economic goals, 2- Laws related to exploitation of underground water, 3- Laws related to the changing of land use. The second part of the laws in question is related to drinking and health. In this section, according to the results of the content analysis, 2 different groups of laws are considered. The first category is related to the development laws of urban areas. The second category is the laws related to the supply of sanitary drinking water. In each of the aforementioned sections, separate causal loop diagrams are obtained, and finally, by combining these relationships, the current state of the existing relationships between agriculture and drinking and health sectors with water sources has been shown. Finally, the output of the pathology of the current governance system of water resources should lead to the correction of possible deficiencies and also prevent the emergence of potentially harmful laws and procedures. Therefore, using the relations and mechanisms explained in the previous section, a framework should be produced to examine the legislative and policy-making processes. For this purpose, the conceptual framework of DPSIR (Driving forces, Pressure, State, Impact, Response) has been used
  9. Keywords:
  10. Water Right ; Water Resources Management ; System Dynamic Analysis ; Agriculture ; Drinking Water ; Potable Water ; Casual Loop Diagram

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