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A Critical Study of the Civil Disobedience

Lotfizadeh Dehkordi, Mobin | 2024

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 57814 (42)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Philosophy of Science
  6. Advisor(s): Taheri Khoramabadi, Ali
  7. Abstract:
  8. Civil disobedience, as a protest mechanism, is one of the important topics discussed in political philosophy. The background of this idea dates back to Henry Thoreau, and later John Rawls played a very influential role in its theoretical development. The aim of this thesis is to conduct a critical study of this idea, focusing on the issue of its justification. The emphasis on the justification is placed firstly due to its central position in the discussions of normative political philosophy and secondly due to the controversial nature of civil disobedience in opposing official legal procedures. To this end, we have first discussed the definition of civil disobedience in two traditional and modern perspectives. We have then discussed and formulated the most important arguments presented in order to justify this idea. Finally, in two separate sections, we have first presented the most important arguments of the critics of this idea along with their responses; And then we have presented a number of criticisms of the justification arguments with the aim of modifying them. Civil disobedience, as a form of protest action that is on the border of adherence to the law, provides a peaceful opportunity for citizens to express their opposition whose goal is to change a specific law or policy. The moral right of citizens to not obey unjust laws on the one hand and the importance of citizens' participation in socio-political decision-making on the other hand are considered the most important theoretical foundations in order to justify this idea. Critics of this idea mainly point to its conflict with the rule of law in society, while supporters believe that civil disobedience, although initially illegal, ultimately leads to the strengthening of legal mechanisms
  9. Keywords:
  10. Law ; Justification ; John Rawls Method ; Civil Disobedience ; Protest ; Political Philosophy

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