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Alginate/CNC Hydrogel Nanocomposites as Adsorbents of Water Pollutants

Mousavi, Yeganeh | 2024

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 58022 (06)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Frounchi, Masoud
  7. Abstract:
  8. With the increase in population, industrial advancements, and urbanization, the demand for clean water resources has risen. However, industrial pollutants, particularly heavy metals, pose a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems, necessitating their removal from wastewater. Among various methods, surface adsorption using hydrogels has proven to be effective. This research aims to develop hydrogels from sodium alginate and carboxymethyl nanocellulose for the adsorption of heavy metals, specifically copper and nickel, from wastewater. The results indicate that increasing the percentage of nanocrystalline cellulose enhances the hydrogel's swelling rate, while higher alginate content strengthens the hydrogel structure, increasing its resistance to degradation. Additionally, reducing the hydrogel particle size to an average diameter of 2mm yields better results, but further reduction accelerates hydrogel degradation. The study employs optical spectrum analysis for absorption assessment, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for structural analysis, and scanning electron microscopy to examine the hydrogel surface porosity. Adsorption test data reveals an increase in pH and prolonged contact time elevate adsorption levels until reaching equilibrium. Based on the results of these tests, these hydrogels follow the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the maximum adsorption of the hydrogel for copper is 186 and for nickel 144 mg per gram of adsorbent
  9. Keywords:
  10. Heavy Metals ; Wastewater Treatment Plant ; Hydrogel ; Sodium Alginate ; Carboxymethyl Cellulose ; Nanocellulose ; Cellulose Nanocrystalls ; Surface Adsorption

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