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Pre-deposited alkali (Li, Na, K) chlorides layer for effective doping of CuInSSe thin films as absorber layer in solar cells

Hashemi, M ; Sharif University of Technology | 2022

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2021.11.070
  3. Publisher: Elsevier Ltd , 2022
  4. Abstract:
  5. We introduce an effective method for copper indium sulfide selenide (CISSe) doping with different alkali metals (Li, Na and K) based on a pre-deposited alkali chloride layer. A simple and fast spray method is used for pre-deposition of alkali chloride layer (LiCl, NaCl, KCl) on substrate surface before spray pyrolysis deposition of copper indium disulfide CuInS2 (CIS) films followed by selenization. The different properties of alkali-doped CISSe films by the alkali chloride pre-deposition (ACPD) method were compared to the post-deposition treatment (PDT) method. Based on FESEM images, a highly compact film with large grains can be obtained for CISSe films doped with K(∼0.72 μm) and Na (∼0.56 μm) by the ACPD method that is considerably higher than un-doped films (∼0.47 μm). While for the PDT method, grain size decreased after the doping process. UV–Vis analysis showed that alkali atoms with larger size result in more band gap widening of CISSe film. According to Mott-Schottky results, all films are p-type but doping density is dependent on the doping method. CISSe films doped by the ACPD method show smaller doping density, the smallest value of carrier concentration is 3.1 × 1017 cm−3 for K-doped CISSe film. All CISSe doped films by ACPD method show higher mobility compared to CISSe film doped by PDT method and larger atom results in higher mobility. The numerical modeling work using SCAPS software showed that solar device with ACPD K-doped CISSe film as absorber layer results in higher efficiency compared to Li, Na- doped and undoped CISSe films. © 2021 International Solar Energy Society
  6. Keywords:
  7. Doping ; Spray pyrolysis, modeling ; Alkali metals ; Carrier concentration ; Copper compounds ; Energy gap ; Indium compounds ; Lithium compounds ; Potassium compounds ; Selenium compounds ; Semiconductor doping ; Sodium chloride ; Solar absorbers ; Spray pyrolysis ; Sulfur compounds ; Thin films ; Alkaline chloride pre-deposition ; Alkaline chlorides ; Copper indium sulphide ; CuInSSe2 solar cell ; Post treatment ; Post treatment deposition ; Pre-deposition ; Pyrolysis modeling ; Selenides ; Spray pyrolyse, modeling ; Deposition ; Alkali metal ; Assimilation efficiency ; Efficiency measurement ; Equipment ; Fuel cell ; Inorganic compound ; Modeling ; Pyrolysis ; Solar power
  8. Source: Solar Energy ; Volume 231 , 2022 , Pages 694-704 ; 0038092X (ISSN)
  9. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0038092X21010367