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Design of a Double-Network Hydrogel Scaffold for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

Ganjali, Amir Reza | 2023

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 56240 (06)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Abdekhodaei, Mohammad Jafar
  7. Abstract:
  8. Osteoarthritis has always been one of the most common diseases in middle age because it causes severe pain and inflammation in the joints of the body. Cartilage tissue does not have the ability to repair itself. For this reason, fabricating and designing the most efficient, least-expensive, and most convenient methods for the treatment of cartilage defects is always an important issue. Today, there are surgical and injectable methods to relieve pain and initiate the body's natural healing response. But due to the many disadvantages and limitations of these methods, tissue engineering science has turned to modifying these methods or providing new methods. One of these methods is the use of hydrogel scaffolds to transfer cells to the cartilage lesion and induce tissue regeneration. Hydrogels are widely used in tissue engineering, but due to poor mechanical properties, they always need to strengthen their strength. Meanwhile, double-network hydrogels are a special type of strong hydrogels that increase the mechanical properties and control the swelling behavior of the hydrogel. In this project, a double network hydrogel containing Gelatin-Polyethylene glycol (Gel-PEG) and Hyaluronic Acid-Tyramine (HA.TA) has been designed and fabricated with the help of Diels-Alder and enzymatic gelation mechanisms. Although the Diels-Alder mechanism has good biocompatibility and mechanical resistance, its gelation time is not suitable for in-situ forming systems. Thus, the presence of hyaluronic acid with the help of enzymatic crosslinking not only imitates the natural cartilage tissue of the human body, but also plays an important role in accelerating the gelation of the final double network structure. The results of the mechanical tests showed that the fracture stress, compressive modulus and toughness of the double-network structure can be increased up to 281 kPa, 50 kPa and 15 kJ/m3, respectively, which shows the improvement of 167%, 450% and 150% of these properties compared to the single-network Hyaluronic Acid (1.2%w/v). In addition to the mechanical properties, the pore size of hydrogel scaffold has also been measured and evaluated. The results showed that the presence of the secondary network had a favorable effect on the size of the pores
  9. Keywords:
  10. Injectable Hydrogel ; Double Network Hydrogel ; Enzyme Reaction ; Cartilage Tissue Engineering ; Arthritis ; Cartilage Tissue Repair ; Hydrogel Scaffold ; Click Chemistry

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