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Optimal yaw moment control law for improved vehicle handling
, Article Mechatronics ; Volume 13, Issue 7 , 2003 , Pages 659-675 ; 09574158 (ISSN) ; Goodarzi, A ; Vossoughi, G. R ; Sharif University of Technology
2003
Abstract
A new optimal control law for direct yaw moment control, to improve the vehicle handling, is developed. Although, this can be considered as part of a multi-layer system, for the traction control of a motorized wheels electric vehicle, but the results of this study are quite general and can be applied to other types of vehicles. The dynamic model of the vehicle system is initially developed and, using the well-known optimal control theory, an optimal controller is designed. Two different versions of control laws are considered here and the performance of each version of the control law is compared with the other one. The numerical simulation of the vehicle handling with and without the use of...
Directional stability and control of four-wheel independent drive electric vehicles
, Article Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics ; Volume 216, Issue 4 , 2002 , Pages 303-313 ; 14644193 (ISSN) ; Goodarzi, A ; Vossoughi, G. R ; Sharif University of Technology
2002
Abstract
The innovative powertrain configuration of modern electric vehicles with four-wheel independent drive (4WID) provides the possibility of simple and exact yaw moment control by controlling the electric motor of every wheel independently. In this study, a genuine control strategy for optimum direct yaw moment control is proposed. Although this can be considered as a global control system for traction control of 4WID electric vehicles, the analysis is quite general and can be applied to other types of vehicle. The directional vehicle model is derived and, in accordance with the optimal control theory, an optimum yaw moment controller is designed. Two versions of the control law are developed...
Direct yaw moment control for motorized wheel electric vehicles
, Article 18th Biennial Conference on Mechanical Vibration and Noise, Pittsburgh, PA, 9 September 2001 through 12 September 2001 ; Volume 6 A , 2001 , Pages 215-222 ; Esmailzadeh, E ; Vossoughi, G. R ; Sharif University of Technology
2001
Abstract
A new control law for direct yaw moment control of an electric vehicle is developed. Although this study is considered as part of a global control system for the traction control of a four motorized wheel electric vehicle, but the results of this study is quite general and can be applied to other types of vehicles. The dynamic model of the system has been analyzed and, in accordance with the optimal control theory, an optimal controller is designed. Two different versions of the control law have been considered and the performance of each version has been separately studied and compared with each other. Finally, the numerical simulation of the vehicle-handling model with and without the use...
Microgrid Energy Management with Optimal Operation of Electric Vehicles Parkinglots Considering Technical and Social Aspect
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Hosseini, Hamid (Supervisor)
Abstract
The presence of electric vehicle (EV) parking in distribution or microgrids can become a challenging issue for the power grid. If parking operators charge EVs parked in their parking facilities without coordination with the distribution or microgrid operator, they can impose a heavy burden on the grid, resulting in increased costs and problems in the power network. This study aims to address energy management in EV parking facilities in the distribution network by proposing a two-level model. In this two-level model, the high-level problem is the distribution network, and the low-level problem is the parking facility. At the high-level, the distribution network operator tries to maximize...
Development and Evaluation of Improved Structures for EVs Integrated Battery Chargers Based on Various Types of Propulsion Motors in V2G and G2V Applications
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Parniani, Mostafa (Supervisor) ; Askarian Abyaneh, Iman (Co-Supervisor)
Abstract
The integrated battery charger (IBC), made from the combination of a battery charger and the traction propulsion system of EVs is an emerging concept that can save the volume and final cost of battery chargers. As a type of on-board EV battery charger, IBC topology must work with expected performance in two modes of operation separately, charging mode and propulsion mode. In this thesis, to propose new topologies of IBCs, firstly the previous studies relevant to EV battery chargers and their different types have been reviewed. By analysis and investigation of IBC topologies, the principles of integrating battery chargers have been inferred and presented. These principles help us to evaluate...
Transactive Coordination Approach for Energy Management in Microgrids (MGs)
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Ehsan, Mehdi (Supervisor) ; Moeini Aghtaei, Moein (Co-Supervisor)
Abstract
Nowadays, due to the rapid growth of electric energy consumption at the distribution network level and the environmental problems caused by conventional generation units, it has become necessary to provide appropriate solutions to increase the penetration of renewable energy sources and optimally manage the consumers/prosumers at the demand side of power systems. In recent years, various methods have been proposed for demand-side energy management models and distributed energy resources (DERs) integration into the distribution network. Amongst them, the transactive coordination approach that employs the economic and control mechanisms for the management of DERs and responsive loads has been...
The Impact of Penetration of Electric Vehicles on Distribution System Planning
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ehsan, Mahdi (Supervisor)
Abstract
The usage of plugin hybrid electric vehicles has environmental benefits. However, the penetration of these components raises important concerns for grid planning. Thus, it is necessary to model the load change due to their charge to investigate the impact of these vehicles on distribution networks. For this reason, it is necessary to determine the specifications of these vehicles, such as battery charge and energy consumption on daily trips. In addition, the study of some behavioral patterns of these vehicles and some experts are necessary to complete the model.In this thesis, an active distribution network is planned using dynamic programming formulation. In this model, some buses are added...
Design of a HEV’s Controller Using Learning-based Methods
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Boroushaki, Mehrdad (Supervisor)
Abstract
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are proving to be one of the most promising innovations in advanced transportation systems to reduce air pollution and fossil fuel consumption. EMS is one of the most vital aspects of the HEV powertrain system. This research aims to design an optimal EMS under the condition of meeting the goals of drivability control, fuel consumption reduction, and battery charge stability. The current EMS is based on the classical rule-based method derived from fuzzy logic, which guides to the suboptimal solution in episodic driving cycles. Previous experiences in implementing Reinforcement Learning (RL) suffer from late convergence, instability in tracking the driving...
The Effect of the Number of Electric Vehicles on the Level of Environmental Pollution
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Hosseini, Hamid (Supervisor)
Abstract
The transportation and electricity industries are major emitters of greenhouse gases (GHGs). In order to reduce emissions, several strategies have been proposed, including plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) use and integration of renewable energy sources (RESs). To reduce the concern emission rate while considering economic constraints, it is important to examine different scenarios of incorporating these elements. To investigate the effectiveness of using PEVs and RES from various perspectives, this study utilizes a combined economic emission dispatch (CEED). The influence of emission and cost coefficients is examined in a sensitivity analysis. In the proposed model, two test cases containing...
State Plane Analysis and Optimization of CLLC Resonant Converter for Bidirectional EV Charger
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Tahami, Farzad (Supervisor) ; Schanen, Jean-Luc (Supervisor)
Abstract
As more renewables step in, the ongoing change will be drastic for the electrical grid. The energy sector must find new ways to balance energy production and consumption. Electric vehicle (EV) batteries are by far the most cost-efficient form of energy storage since they require no additional investments in hardware. A bidirectional EV charger is a new technology that enables energy to be pushed back to the power grid and auxiliary loads from the battery. The electrical requirements of the EV charger are examined in detail to find an appropriate power electronics converter to meet all the requirements. The CLLC resonant converter is a promising candidate for high efficient, bidirectional...
Assessing the Environmental Impact of Electric Vehicles in Different Technology Development and Energy Supply Scenarios: A Case Study of Tehran
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Khajehpour, Hossein (Supervisor)
Abstract
Air pollution has been one of the most important problems in Tehran in recent years. So that the number of deaths due to air pollution in Tehran reaches more than 7000 cases per year. More than 75% of air pollutant emissions in Tehran city (including 60% of PM2.5 emissions) originate from mobile sources. Considering the harmful effects and damages caused by air pollutants, it is important to examine and evaluate the effects of hybrid-electric vehicles on the emissions of the transportation sector and air quality, especially in areas with a large population and realized high traffic load. On the other hand, the continuous reduction of renewable electricity production costs makes electricity a...
The Assessment of Cyber_Attacks on Electric Vehicles Charging by a Microgrid (Bus and Personal Vehicle)and Examining the Relevant Consequences in the Power Distribution Grid
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Vakilian, Mehdi (Supervisor)
Abstract
Todays, thanks to the positive effects of electric vehicles, (against the vehicles which use patrol as their fuel), reduction of the Earth temperature and its climate change; the manufacturing, sale and use of electric vehicles experience a sharp increase. In addition to decreasing the air pollution, due to their abundant smart implications, they have been dramatically propagated. Massive use of these devices has raised the concern about the loss of the security which is indispensable part of the infrastructure. None of the past publications and works have taken the cyber-attack on the charging price rate and other data into account. In this thesis, charging methods of electric vehicles are...
Design of Soft-Switching Inverter Using Wide Bandgap Transistors for Electric Vehicle
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Tahami, Farzad (Supervisor)
Abstract
The electric vehicle inverter, as one of the most important components of the vehicle, needs to have a high efficiency and also be able to work at high temperatures. Due to passing a large part of the battery power through this part and being one of the components that has the biggest power in an electric vehicle , traction inverter Efficiency has a big impact on the total efficiency of the whole vehicle . By increasing the battery voltage of electric vehicles, in order to achieve a higher charging power, the electric vehicle inverter must be able to withstand a voltage of about 800 volts input .On the other hand, in electric car inverters, the goal is to reach a power density of 100kw / L....
System Management in Pricing Automobile Characteristics to Reduce Air Pollution and Upgrade Technology
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Poorzahedy, Hossein (Supervisor)
Abstract
Air pollution is known as one of the most important problems of large cities. The main reason for such air pollution is the increase in using private vehicles. There are some solutions for controlling and reducing air pollution. One efficient way to achieve this goal is by imposing taxes on aspects of private vehicles. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of taxes on different aspects of private cars to reduce city air pollution, by (1) promoting users to purchase smaller and higher vehicle technology including electric cars, and drive less, and (2) forcing local car manufacturing companies by market demand mechanism to improve technology in their products. This study is a...
Improving Distribution System Resilience Using Microgrids
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Vakilian, Mehdi (Supervisor) ; Farzin, Hossein (Co-Supervisor) ; Lehtonen, Matti (Co-Supervisor)
Abstract
The number and severity of natural disasters have significantly increased in the recent years. Extreme weather-driven events cause catastrophic damages to power grid components. As a consequence, severe power outages occur in the affected grids. According to the published reports on natural disasters, 90 percent of such outages originate from distribution systems. In addition, the repair process of the damaged elements takes a long duration. Thus, it is necessary to improve the distribution system (DS) resilience against natural disasters. The strategies for resilience enhancement can be classified into two main groups: hardening and operation-oriented measures.Formation of microgrids has...
Common Mode Noise Reduction of LLC Resonant Converter with Planar Transformer for Electric Vehicle Applications
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Tahami, Farzad (Supervisor)
Abstract
converters in electric vehicles, it is necessary to reduce their dimensions and increase their efficiency. It is expected that in the near future wide band gap semiconductors will be used to achieve these goals. On the other hand, usage of planar transformers is necessary to achieve slim and compact converter designs in electric vehicles. Clearly, planar transformers offer a significant advantage in replacing bulky wired transformers in high frequency LLC resonant converters with WBG transistors. planar transformers also have several other advantages, including low flux leakage, modular structure, and low thermal resistance.However, in planar transformers, due to the proximity and large area...
Extraction of Factors Affecting Nonacceptance of Electric Motorcycles in Tehran Using Theory of Planned Behavior
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Kiamehr, Mehdi (Supervisor)
Abstract
Air and sound pollution in metropolises is a problem vexing every class of citizens, rich and poor. Extensive research has been carried out in recent decades resulting in strict and ever-expanding environmental regulations for automotive and other polluting industries to reduce emissions. Unfortunately, despite significant progress in emission reduction technologies, growth in population along with the number of vehicles on city roads, has intensified related health problems of citizens. As a result, a recent trend has been started around the world with the goal of development and wide-spread use of zero emission vehicles like electric vehicles in metropolises. One variety of electric...
Enhancement of Electric Energy Distribution System Performance in the Presence of Electric Vehicles as Mobile Energy Storage Devices
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Safdarian, Amir (Supervisor)
Abstract
The worldwide increase in greenhouse gases is one of the most important human concerns today, and reducing emissions is on the agenda of politicians and the international community. Globally, the transportation fleet is one of the major sources of environmental pollutants due to the use of fossil fuels, and replacing this fleet with electric vehicles will play an important role in reducing the emission of environmental pollutants. These environmental concerns and the advancement of technologies used in electric vehicles in recent years have led to a relative increase in the presence of electric vehicles in the transportation network. The acceptance of these cars, on the one hand,...
The worldwide increase in greenhouse gases is one of the most important human concerns today, and reducing emissions is on the agenda of politicians and the international community. Globally, the transportation fleet is one of the major sources of environmental pollutants due to the use of fossil fuels, and replacing this fleet with electric vehicles will play an important role in reducing the emission of environmental pollutants. These environmental concerns and the advancement of technologies used in electric vehicles in recent years have led to a relative increase in the presence of electric vehicles in the transportation network. The acceptance of these cars, on the one hand,...
Providing a Model for Formulation of Technological Strategy in the Field of Hybrid & Electric Vehicles in Iran Khodro Car Maker Company
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Arasti, Mohammad Reza (Supervisor)
Abstract
Companies are facing increasingly faster pace of technological evolution. Running a business with a large supply chain without considering the technological changes in the environment might provoke a difficult situation and result in competitive disadvantage. The field of hybrid and electric vehicles has developed a lot in the last decade in the world and the technologies of this field are developing in a dynamic circumstance. Iran Khodro, as the largest automaker in Iran, cannot be indifferent to this reality. Despite the huge oil and gas resources in the country, is it necessary to develop hybrid and electric vehicles in Iran? This is the main question we are trying to answer in the first...
Developing a Framework for Reliability Studies of Distribution Energy System Comprised of Multi Energy Hubs with Heat Storages
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moeini Aghtaie, Moein (Supervisor)
Abstract
Using energy storage systems has been remarkably improved the energy systems efficiency and reliability indicators of the system and also reduced the operating costs of these systems. Thus using them in an energy system would count as an advantage. Lately, the procedure of implementation of these systems has been studied widely and various motives behind implementing them have been reviewed. For example, the effect of cost optimization in electrical vehicles on reliability indicators from the load management perspective can be addressed. Therefore this thesis has studied the effect of electrical and thermal storage systems on the reliability indicators of an energy hub and the effect of...