Sharif Digital Repository

The Iran-Iraq war between 1980 to 1988 involved Iran's western borders and inflicted heavy casualties. This war was also spread to the central provinces of Iran in several periods as a result of Iraqi missile attacks, known as the War of Cities. The attacks were mainly intended to intimidate people, leaving relatively few deaths and injuries. In this study, we seek to estimate part of the hidden and long run impacts of these attacks. Using a two-percent sample of Iran’s 1990 census and the information of the location and timing of missile attacks, and by incorporating the difference in difference method, we estimate the causal impact of missile attacks on the years of education of those who... 

In this research, we develop a Real Business Cycle model for Iran, as Small Open Economy. In this model, which is designed to measure the role of oil price shocks in Iran’s business cycles, the positive oil price shocks, as well as increasing the revenue of exporting oil, raises the price of oil-based tradable goods. Additionally, it causes the fiscal policy variables (taxes and government expenditures) to change. Also the productivity of this economy is fluctuated by oil price fluctuations. The model is estimated via Impulse Response Function Matching method using a SVAR model as the auxiliary model. The results from the theoretical model show that near 50 percent of non-oil GDP cycles and... 

One of the typical method for analyzing Iran stock market is comparing Earning Yield of stock with interest rate or bond yield to maturity. In this paper we have literature review that shown FED model does not have any theoretical fundamental so then discuss about FED model merit for asset pricing. Results show that FED model does not work in Iran stock market and we didn’t see any long run relationship between earning yield and interest rate. Also this paper show evidence about inflation illusion and mispricing in Iran stock market and propose that Iran stock market is undervalue because of inflated economy  

Agriculture consists a significant share in the economies of developing countries, and since temperatures and precipitation are considered to be the inputs for crop production, climate change has a direct impact on the agricultural sector. In this study, we are investigating the effect of climate change on the production and yield of crops in Iran, and for this purpose, we have used annual changes in temperature, precipitation, production, and yield of crops taking into account the fixed effects of year and district. To do this, we have used the panel data of districts between 1993 and 2015 regarding temperature and precipitation, the area under cultivation, and the amount of crops.... 

Regarding to the technology development during recent years, many businesses have lost their traditional style and lots of web-based services have emerged. Also, nowadays one of the most attractive business model is platform-based services. Among these, investment industry is not exceptional and crowdfunding platforms are known as new channel of investment. With respect to this fact that investment by itself can help the economic growth in countries and proper status of Iran from investment viewpoint, developing such platforms may facilitate the investment processes. Regarding to the researches, considering the high amount of uncertainty in platforms and investment processes, especially... 

Iran's petrochemicals exchange has experienced regular excess demand occurrence in recent years which has resulted in most transactions being done at ceil price specified by Iran's mercantile exchange. This study shows that the mechanism determined by Iran's mercantile exchange for doing transactions has given people the incentive to state their initial demand higher than their real demand in order to be able to gain their real demand in market. In order to do this, I have used data related to all transactions done in Iran's petrochemical exchange during March 2013 and March 2016 in a panel logit model and show that monopolistic power used by suppliers and the probability of excess demand... 

Investment is a variable that would determine the future status of the economy. Given the fact that the investment behavior consequences in the economy would appear in the long-term horizons, unlike most other state variables, such as inflation and exchange rates, it may not be a tangible variable. As a result, there may be fewer sensitivities toward it. However, looking at the evidence, it is observable that the level of investment in Iran has experienced a severe reduction since the early 2010s, and this decline in investment has remained stable in its trend. The real aggregate investment level in Iran at the end of the year 2018 was approximately equal to its level in the year 2002. There... 

From the past, oil and gas industry has been among important industries in Iran and a major source of the government income. Hence achieving successful projects in the industry is of great importance for the country’s development and timely completion has always been considered as one of the characteristics of a successful project. Developing oil and gas fields, as it affect all of the other projects in this industry, is construed as crucial.In this regard, from the first oil exploration in Iran, authorities have signed different types of contracts with many contractors to develop oil and gas fields. Nonetheless projects in this industry, as of the projects in the construction industry in... 

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of the effective factors on information satisfaction on customer online shopping behavior in Iran. In this regard, by reviewing the concepts of online shopping, customer behavior and information quality, using regression and structural equation modeling, we examined the role of the effective factors on information satisfaction on customer online shopping behavior in Iran. The statistical population of this study consisted of DJ's customers, their number is estimated to be unlimited, and the sample size was determined using Morgan Krjesy's table to determine the sample size of 384 people who were selected using simple random sampling. A... 

The rate of cesarean section delivery in Iran is high and during the past 14 years, leading up to 2014, kept rising. In this regard, decreasing cesarean section rate was targeted through the healthcare reform plan, which was offered by Ministry of Health and Medical Education. This plan kicked off on May4, 2014. One of the most important proceedings of this plan was making natural childbirth to be free in all hospitals, which are under the auspices of the medical universities. According to healthcare utilization models, lower prices of healthcare services, more health centers and more accessibility to them, increase the probability of using health care services. Current study evaluated the... 

The economic effects of large dams that were constructed during 1370-1393 in Iran are explored in this thesis and their effects on agriculture and welfare of their own district and downstream districts are analyzed. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method is used to investigate these effects and for more accurate results, we control for geographical variables and rainfall. The results of this study show that dam construction leads to higher agricultural yield, production value and irrigated area in the dam’s own district; but it doesn’t affect yield, production and irrigated area of downstream districts. Also dam construction results in planting more water-intensive crops in their own district... 

Results showed that 9 factors of “Brand Equity”, “Product Quality”, “Service Quality”, “Service Recovery”, “Perceived Value”, “Relationship”, “Employee Satisfaction”, “Physical Environment” and “Distribution Channel” are most effective factors by researchers that have effect on customer satisfaction. Thus, the Macromodel of this research was designed based on these factors. Due to limitations and context of the research, “Service Quality”, “Service Recovery” and “Relationship” were chosen in the final model. Results of questionnaire showed that the 5 parameters of “Service Recovery Speed”, “Reliability”, “Responsiveness”, “Empathy” and “Seller-focused antecedents” was the most important... 

On the contrary to common explanations of fertility transition in the Iraninan Economy there has been a growing human capital without decline of fertility for some decades followed by a rapid fall in fertility without a higher growth of human capital during the next decades. Accounting for these facts we propose a new link between subsidies financed by exogenous oil revenue and the evolution of fertility and human capital. While the educational subsidy accelerates the growth of human capital, the presence of financial subsidies keeps fertility from declining. Then, fertility declines with sizeable delay but sharply because (i) high fertility in first generations implies a growth rate of... 

In this thesis, we study the dependence structure between the Tehran Stock Exchange and over-the-counter market, as the two main Iranian capital market institutions. Several constant and time-varying conditional Copula functions are used to model this dependence structure from October 2009 to August 2014. It is shown that, compared to constant conditional copulas, time-varying conditional copulas, provide a better performance. Analyzing the conditional tail dependence of these indices shows an asymmetric dependence structure. Also, investigating the dynamic conditional correlation and conditional tail dependence, using time-varying conditional copulas, reveals large variations and an... 

This research that examines bi-directional linkage between technology strategy and corporate strategy, addresses both of forward-path and backward-path linkages. In forward path, corporate strategy is the main and starting point and technology has a supporting role for firm’s corporate strategy. On this way, technology strategy is developed based on the corporate overall strategy. On the other way (backward-path), technology (or any other resource in general) is the driving force and basis for corporate strategy. In this way, overall strategy is developed and formulated based on technology strategy. So, this research and its achievements have reported and followed in two distinct parts... 

The simplest definition of Total Factor Productivity is the rate of converting inputs to outputs. In other words, with fixed inputs and a raise in the Total Factor Productivity, more output can be achieved. In this study, we review the existing methods for calculating this variable and its determining factors. On the basis of Diewert’s criteria, Fisher index is known to be the most appropriate indicator to calculate production, price and productivity indices. Fisher index is obtained by dividing the index of output to input in which in addition to values of output and input, price data are also used. Between prices and values used in this calculation only price series for wages are not... 

Purpose of this study is the assignment of the optimal monetary policy rule with attention to housing price with base of setting and to estimating a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium modeling (DSGE). This study has two steps. In the first step we set a model with base of Households, firms, government, and monetary sector behavior and with attention to important variables like outcome, consumption, and investment, the model will be caliber and by simulation it will be evaluated. In the second step we determine optimal monetary rule and the model simulate again with this monetary rule. The comparison between two simulation for verity of shocks shows us that the optimal monetary policy... 

In this piece of work, a gravity model is suggested as Iranian non-fuel export model to OIC countries. The most important results out of this model are the acquired coefficients of two variables, namely “ECO membership” and “Economic and Trade Freedom of Importer”. At first, we expected that for importer, being a member of ECO would increase the amount of trade with iran. Surprisingly, this is not what we see in a model. In fact, as ECO has not achieved any tangible success in increasing trade between its members, eastern Asian Muslim countries has become an important trade partner for iranians. This result is compatible with other pieces of researches about ECO. “Economic and Trade Freedom... 

In this thesis, with a review on policy simulation and economic reform analysis literature, we design a suitable method to analyze the effects of monetizing energy carriers subsidy on welfare criteria of Iranian households. The selected method is limited general equilibrium that needs demand estimates of goods, services and energy. In firs step,based on 13 years of data on “Iranian Households’ Expenditures and Income” surveys, data are provided as a pseudo-panel. Demand equations are estimated using “Seemingly Unrelated Regressions” for panel data, and elasticities are calculated. In the next step, we evaluated the equivalent variation and equivalent gain measures in each price scenarios.... 

This research uses the new approach of Son (2003) for the decomposition of poverty in Iran into three separate components of growth, inequality and population effects during 2001 to 2007 and meanwhile uses the integration of microeconomic and macroeconomic data together to increase the accuracy of the results. The main question of this research is to determine the orientation of development strategies for alleviation of poverty in Iran, which could be either growth-oriented or inequality-oriented ones. The resultes suggest that the former has always been pro-poor in Iran and has had the most dominant effect. Therefore, in order to decrease the poverty in Iran in the future, there should be...