Sharif Digital Repository

Nd:YAG laser treatment was used in order to increase surface cell adhesion aspects of polycarbonate (PC) films prepared via melt process. The treatment was carried out under different wavelengths and beam diameters. ATR-FTIR and UV spectra obtained from different samples before and after laser treatment in air showed that laser irradiation has induced some chemical and physical changes in surface properties. The irradiated films were also characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle measurements. Effect of pulse numbers on the surface properties was also investigated. Cell culture test was used to evaluate cell adhesion property on the PC films before and after... 

The relation between process parameters and properties of polycarbonate (PC) sheet after friction stir welding (FSW) was investigated. Effects of FSW tool rotation speed (ω), travelling speed (V), tilt angle (α) and plunge depth on material flow, joint tensile strength, flexural strength, impact energy and hardness were investigated. It is shown that at low and high levels of heat input sound joints cannot be attained. At low heat inputs, the local temperature is not high enough to decrease the viscosity of the polymer to fill the interface, and thus voids and large planar cracks are formed in the joint root and stir zone. At high heat inputs, expelling of materials due to high peak... 

An impedimetric human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA biosensor based on gold nanotubes (AuNTs) in label free detection was materialized. The AuNTs decorated nanoporous polycarbonate (AuNTs-PC) template as biosensor electrode was fabricated by electrodeposition method. The single strand DNA (ss-DNA) probe was covalently immobilized onto the AuNTs-PC electrode. The hybridization of target sequences with the ss-DNA probe was observed by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The biosensor showed high selectivity and could differentiate between the complementary, mismatch and non-complementary DNA sequences. The EIS measurements were matched to Randle's equivalent circuit. The... 

Organ-on-a-chip technology tries to mimic the complexity of native tissues in vitro. Important progress has recently been made in using this technology to study the gut with and without microbiota. These in vitro models can serve as an alternative to animal models for studying physiology, pathology, and pharmacology. While these models have greater physiological relevance than two-dimensional (2D) cell systems in vitro, endocrine and immunological functions in gut-on-a-chip models are still poorly represented. Furthermore, the construction of complex models, in which different cell types and structures interact, remains a challenge. Generally, gut-on-a-chip models have the potential to... 

Friction stir welding (FSW) of thermoplastic materials is an attractive but a challenging process due to inherent chemical and mechanical characteristics of polymeric materials. In the present work, thermo-mechanical models were employed to investigate the effect of processing parameters on of FSW of polycarbonate (PC). The heat flux during the joining process was localized around the PC join line and led to the formation of circular rings on the upper surface. According to the simulation results, increasing the tool rotational velocity reduced the temperature gradient and decfeased the suseptibelity of crack formation around the joint line. Cracks were formed at low frictional heats and... 

Two-segmented gold-copper nanorods were electrodeposited inside the pores of polycarbonate track-etched membranes from two separate solutions. The PCT membranes were dissolved in dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) and the solvent was replaced by methanol solution. Optical absorption spectra of two-segmented Au-Cu nanorods dispersed in methanol showed two peaks which were related to the transverse mode of copper and the longitudinal mode of gold. By increasing the length of the gold segment, when the total length of both metals was fixed at 1 μm, the copper and gold peaks shifted to the blue and red wavelengths, respectively. We observed that the wavelengths of the extinction peaks are not in good... 

Copper nanorods have been synthesized by electrodeposition with different lengths in porous polycarbonate (PCT) membranes with a pore diameter of 50nm and a thickness of 4νm. The PCT membranes were dissolved in dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) and the solvent was replaced by methanol solutions. Extinction peaks at 587, 581 and 574nm were observed for the Cu nanorods with aspect ratio R = 6,8 and 10 in methanol, respectively. Polarization of the molecules of the medium around the wires changes the dielectric constant of the medium. Hence, the wavelength of the extinction peaks does not shows good agreement with calculations that were done on basis of Gans' theory with nominal dielectric constant of... 

The Co nanowires were electrodeposited in polycarbonate membrane (PCT). SEM, TEM and XPS techniques were used to characterize the morphology, structure and size of nanowires as well as chemical composition. The influence of different mediums was studied on the optical absorption of dispersed cobalt nanowires. The absorption spectrum of cobalt nanowires in water showed a broad shoulder at 290 nm, but in ethanol solution it was not observed in the visible region of the spectra up to 200 nm. Cobalt nanowires dispersed in methanol presented a peak at 236 nm. We attribute the data to oxidation of cobalt in water and low dielectric constant of methanol relative to ethanol and water. We found... 

Commercially available track-etched polyester membranes were used as templates to electrodeposit Co-Ni-Cu/Cu multilayered nanowires, giving room-temperature current perpendicular to plane (CPP) giant magnetoresistance (GMR) values of up to ∼12%. In contrast to similar nanowires electrodeposited in track-etched polycarbonate membranes, the GMR obtained in multilayered nanowires electrodeposited in the polyester membranes increased with decreasing Cu-layer thickness tCu, for tCu in the 2-7 nm range, indicating a lack of ferromagnetic coupling through pinholes, etc. Transmission electron micrographs showed clear evidence for smooth, parallel layer interfaces in the nanowires. © 2006 Elsevier... 

With significant advancements in research technologies, and an increasing global population, microfluidic and nanofluidic systems (such as point-of-care, lab-on-a-chip, organ-on-a-chip, etc) have started to revolutionize medicine. Devices that combine micron and nanotechnologies have increased sensitivity, precision and versatility for numerous medical applications. However, while there has been extensive research on microfluidic and nanofluidic systems, very few have experienced wide-spread commercialization which is puzzling and deserves our collective attention. For the above reasons, in this article, we review research advances that combine micro and nanotechnologies to create the next... 

Phase morphology, state of compatibility and various properties of blends of polycarbonate (PC) with bottle-grade and fibre-grade polyethylene terephthalate (BPET and FPET, respectively) were investigated. It was found that these blends have two-phase separated morphology with partial miscibility. Scanning electron micrographs revealed separated domains of PC-rich and PET-rich zones. PC domains appear spherical increasing in size from 2 μm for PC20/FPET80 up to about 5 μm for PC60/FPET40 blend. Further increase in PC content up to 80% caused phase inversion in which FPET appears as finely dispersed domains in continuous PC matrix. Tg of PC-rich phase decreased from 153 deg;C for pure PC down... 

Recent advances in biomaterials, microfabrication, microfluidics, and cell biology have led to the development of organ-on-a-chip devices that can reproduce key functions of various organs. Such platforms promise to provide novel insights into various physiological events, including mechanisms of disease, and evaluate the effects of external interventions, such as drug administration. The neuroscience field is expected to benefit greatly from these innovative tools. Conventional ex vivo studies of the nervous system have been limited by the inability of cell culture to adequately mimic in vivo physiology. While animal models can be used, their relevance to human physiology is uncertain and... 

A short lifespan and increased consumption patterns make e-waste the world's fastest-growing waste stream. Computers are one of the most significant parts of e-waste. Recycling of e-waste has been introduced as the main solution to deal with environmental problems and to save natural mines. This research aims to investigate the bioleaching of Cu, Ni, and Al from computer printed circuit boards (CPCBs) using Penicillium simplicissimum. The adaptation phase began at 1 g/l CPCBs powder with 107 spores and final pulp density was reached at 30 g/l. The most effective parameters including pulp density, initial pH, and the sucrose concentration were optimized to achieve maximum simultaneous...