Sharif Digital Repository

In this project, a comprehensive model is developed for energy and exergy analysis in refineries. By studying Tehran’s North Refinery unit as a case study, the Reference Energy System as the conceptual model of the thesis and also Energy & Exergy Balance table is prepared. Through the exergy balance table, the Exergy efficiency defined. These factors help to settle priority for efficiency improvement investment. Then, the economic and technical relations and costraints are formulized using linear programming model. In this model, the CO2 emission and exergy destruction costs are intended. Using Energy System Model (ESM) software, the thesis model is advanced as RESM stands for Refinery... 

In this study, we introduce a systematic approach for valuation of Technology development projects by applying a discrete model of real options valuation. This framework is then applied to a real technology development project. The estimate of volatility is the most important argument that it is difficult to calculate. Data from the project’s feasibility study is gathered and classified in an appropriate format to be ready for simulation. Then uncertainty parameters are identified. The data is separated and their impacts on annual cash flows are considered. Volatility of the whole project is estimated to be relatively high. This is an advantage for the proposed method. In this project,... 

The worldview and value system can use a cognitive-normative framework to select and shape science and technology. Of course, this framework is not the sole factor in shaping and selecting science and technology. The context in which science and technology flourish is also an important factor. Thus a religious science and technology is possible. Furthermore one can find many examples in the contemporary science and technology which are rooted in a secular and naturalistic outlook., but one can shape a science and technology which are rooted in religious worldview and value system. These examples show that one can generate a religious type of science and technology ,but in order to do this... 

Customer relationship management is a comprehensive strategy for managing the relationships with customers. Customer relationship management involves technology for automation, organizing, and adaptation of business processes, including sales activities, marketing and customer service. Main purpose of CRM is finding and attracting new customers, maintaining current customers, attracting the organization's former customers, reducing marketing costs and customer service. Most studies in this area are related to B-C organizations and few studies are related to B-B and especially project based organizations. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the implementation of customer... 

Most of local thinkers ,who were influenced by Western philosophers of science, and have spoken about religious knowledge, have selected experimental science as standard science and Have tried to find a way trough cultural and other non-scientific channels of science to influence the field of human knowledge by religious teaching's .This expert's are generally opposed to positivist’s models of science, but because of the nature of the Western atmosphere that they breathe, consider the experimental science as the main model of knowledge and the experience as the main method of Acquisition of knowledge. Paya is also one of this thinkers who is influenced by Karl Popper's ideas about the... 

This thesis is going to investigate the ontological foundation of Science and Tool. To this aim, it refers to Heidegger’s works especially the Being and time. Heidegger gets involve in analyzing Science in the Being and Time. He emphasizes on importance of establishment of a fundamental knowledge which should ontologically recognize basic concepts and methods of Sciences, to cause a real progress in sciences. Heidegger also asserts that the Mathematical interpretation of the world is not a fundamental, and it must be replaced with phenomenological interpretation, which clarifies the ontological foundation of the theoretical view, and regards to all aspects of world’s existence. In this... 

Energy system of each country include of extraction, processing, conversion, transportation and distribution levels. Crude oil is one of the energy carrier which has dominant share to meet energy demand in industry and transportation sectors. Therefore, studying of physical properties changes of this energy carrier during production period is obligatory. The goal of this research is to model quality reduction of crude oil during production period of naturally occurring reservoirs. In this research quality of crude oil has been investigated inside of reservoir and after production and the effect of quality changes in before mentioned conditions according to cumulative production of reservoirs... 

Technology is one of the most important aspects of human life at the present time. It can be said that there is no part of human life that is not affected by technology, that is, the most important aspects of human life, namely economic, social and political issues, are independent of technological technology and technology. Technology is not independent of the social systems in which they are formed. In such a situation, one can expect from Islam as a religion claiming human guidance in the most important aspects of life, which can not be ignored by technology and its place in human life, and can provide a way to interact. Human and technology and technology development in the community. In... 

However “The Social Construction of Technology (SCOT)” is the title of a thesis in the domain of Science and Technology Studies (STS), it has an important effect on the philosophy of technology. In this paper I try to elaborate and criticize SCOT’s approach. For this purpose we need to answer the question “what is Technology exactly?”. So in the first chapter, I defined Technology. After reviewing some of it’s famous definitions, I defined the joint of technologies based on the “Dual nature of technical artefacts” thesis. Because of the wide range of technologies, I have concentrated on “Technical Artefacts”, although I was not inattentive to other meanings of technology, especially... 

In this thesis, with the help of a literature review in philosophy of technology including the writings of analytical philosophers, Marcuse, Feenberg & Heidegger & with the help of a definition of Religion provided by Roy Clouser & supplementing it with the additional condition of Non-naturalism, we have tried to develop an all-inclusive theory about the implications of religious beliefs for encountering and coming to a right relation with Technology and its essence in its different layers. For this, after we have obtained in the first chapter, the system of terms and concepts needed for a more precise discussion, from a literature review of the analytical philosophy of technology, in the... 

One of the most important characteristics of us humans is that we are homofaber beings, and with the help of technology we transform our living conditions, and perceptions of ourselves and the world. Technology, then, plays and important role in all branches of philosophy, and especially in philosophy of science. Without, technological instruments, little scientific research can be found that can be accomplished. Many of the processes involved in scientific researches, such as experimentation and measurement, are rooted in technology. This thesis aims to examine how technology impacts science. Philosophers and historians of science have usually paid little attention to the influence of... 

Technological capabilities as one of the growth’s aspects in developing countries have gained focus for research in last years. This study attempt to analyze the pattern of technological capabilities in four different sectors including Optic, Aerospace, Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology. In each sectors four Iranian companies as the case studies are selected. After deep interviews with key people in each company, required data is gathered. Data in each company is analyzed. The results of analysis for companies in one sector are gathered for analyzing each sector. In order to evaluate technological capabilities, the time required to improve, lead-lag relationship for gaining higher levels of... 

Nowadays, different technologies help businesses in their various processes, especially marketing, so that their activities can be carried out in a better way.One of the emerging technologies that has come to the attention of retailers in recent years is augmented reality. With the help of this technology and only with a smartphone, a product can be viewed virtually and three-dimensionally in real space. There have been several studies on the effect of augmented reality technology on marketing processes and customers' shopping experience. Most of these studies have focused on the online shopping experience. This study examines how augmented reality technology, allows buyers to have more... 

Has technology been able to increase human happiness(well-being)? An important question that is difficult to answer, in this thesis, we will try to identify different angles of happiness theories, then we will reach conclusions based on the friction of people's happiness in the society. The two main results will be that the physical dimension of happiness has little effect on human happiness compared to the psychological dimension of happiness, and we will get this result in positive psychology. Second, paying too much attention to the physical dimension is harmful even for human happiness, and then in the third chapter, based on the obtained criteria, we will go to measure technology and... 

In the history of philosophy, the discussion of moral responsibility is tied to "Free Will" metaphysical controversies. Philosophers generally expect that people have "alternative possibilities" -that require them not to be bound to a deterministic situation- or if they don't have such possibilities, at least be able to "control" their actions, and if they don't know all aspects of what they do, at least not to be in ignorance about that, according to Aristotle. In the case of having such minimal possibilities, it is that one can be considered morally responsible for his or her actions. This broad conception of moral responsibility can be traced from Aristotle's discussions in the...