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Proposal of an Optimized ZLD System for Mine Effluent and Investigation of Valuable Material Extraction

Dehghani, Amin | 2024

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 57881 (46)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Energy Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Sattari, Sourena
  7. Abstract:
  8. The aim of this study is to design a Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) treatment plant for mine effluent. For this purpose, wastewater from an iron ore mine was selected as a case study. Initially, recent studies on ZLD systems were reviewed, and a technically feasible process was designed to treat mine effluent with a ZLD approach. The designed process was then simulated using Aspen Plus software, and the results were utilized for an economic analysis. The simulation was performed under three design scenarios: (1) using external steam for energy supply, (2) utilizing waste heat, and (3) employing a steam compressor to superheat the saturated steam exiting the evaporative crystallizer and using the superheated steam as an energy source. For the economic analysis, two scenarios were considered: (a) producing and selling water alone, and (b) producing and selling both water and salt simultaneously. The results indicated that the first scenario, except under conditions of high environmental penalties, was not economically feasible. In contrast, the second scenario proved to be economically viable. Among the different design cases, the option of using a steam compressor had the shortest payback period (2.4 years) and the highest internal rate of return (0.41), making it the most economically attractive option for investment
  9. Keywords:
  10. Evaporators ; Crystallizers ; Evaporation Pond ; Process ; Effluent Wastewater ; Steam Compressor ; Zero Liquid Discharge

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