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Experimental study of a solar desalination pond as second stage in proposed zero discharge desalination process

Farahbod, F ; Sharif University of Technology | 2013

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2013.02.033
  3. Publisher: 2013
  4. Abstract:
  5. This work represents the efficiency of a solar desalination pond as a second stage of proposed zero discharge desalination processes to reach fresh water and also concentrated brine from the effluent wastewater of the desalination unit of Mobin petrochemical complex. So a solar desalination pond is constructed after a pretreatment unit to concentrate the softened wastewater to about 20wt%. The concentrated wastewater is as a suited feed for a forced circulation crystallizer. During one year, the effects of major parameters such as ambient temperature and solar insolation rate are investigated, experimentally. specific gravity in each layer of concentrated brine wastewater is evaluated. Also, evaporation rates are calculated theoretically and are verified by experimental data. Theoretical values predict evaporation rate accurately. Results show good agreement with experimental data. According to results, maximum evaporation rate is 5l/m2day when the insolation rate is about 24,602kJ/m2day Solar energy absorption factor on June is max. Also, experimental results show the best proposed time to gain highest thermal energy is on spring therefore performance efficiency of solar desalination pond promote on spring comparing with the other months. Extracted data for specific gravity prove the bottom of solar desalination pond, layer 1, is best zone for energy saving and energy utilization. Also, theoretical values of evaporation rate are calculated according to measured temperatures and related mass conservation equation. Comparison between theoretical and experimental values shows dusty weather, humidity and wind velocity affects on heat transfer coefficients approximately. So, deviations between theoretical data and measured values can be explained. Results show good agreements with experimental data
  6. Keywords:
  7. Energy saving ; Performance efficiency ; Petrochemical complex ; Solar desalination pond ; Zero discharge desalination ; Concentrated wastewater ; Forced circulations ; Mass conservation equations ; Measured temperatures ; Solar desalination ; Zero discharge desalinations ; Density (specific gravity) ; Desalination ; Efficiency ; Effluents ; Energy conservation ; Energy utilization ; Evaporation ; Incident solar radiation ; Lakes ; Petrochemicals ; Solar energy ; Wastewater ; Water filtration ; Brine ; Concentration (composition) ; Effluent ; Evaporation ; Experimental study ; Insolation ; Petrochemical industry ; pond
  8. Source: Solar Energy ; Volume 97 , 2013 , Pages 138-146 ; 0038092X (ISSN)
  9. URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038092X13001412