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Preparation and characterization of raloxifene nanoparticles using Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solution (RESS)

Keshavarz, A ; Sharif University of Technology | 2012

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2011.12.005
  3. Publisher: 2012
  4. Abstract:
  5. One of the key factors in drug's efficacy is the value of their bioavailability that increases by the reduction of particle size through improvement of dissolution rate. In this study, raloxifene particle size was reduced by Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solution (RESS). The effect of extraction temperature (40-80 °C), extraction pressure (10-18 MPa) and spray distance (5-10 cm) were investigated on size and particle size distribution of the nanoparticles. Particles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The average size of the unprocessed raloxifene particles was 45.28 μm. After the process, depending on the experimental conditions, smaller particles were obtained, the smallest of which was 18.93 nm. In addition, dissolution rate study indicated that a 7-fold increase in dissolution rate could be obtained by particle size reduction of raloxifene using RESS. Response Surface Methodology was used for the optimization of the results and showed that the smallest particle size could be achieved at temperature of 50 °C, pressure of 17.7 MPa and spray distance of 10 cm
  6. Keywords:
  7. Dissolution rate enhancement ; Nanoparticle ; Dissolution rates ; Particle size reduction ; Raloxifene ; Response Surface Methodology ; Supercritical fluid technology ; Biochemistry ; Differential scanning calorimetry ; Dynamic light scattering ; Effluent treatment ; Electromagnetic wave emission ; Nanoparticles ; Particle size analysis ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Supercritical fluids ; Surface properties ; X ray diffraction ; Particle size
  8. Source: Journal of Supercritical Fluids ; Volume 63 , 2012 , Pages 169-179 ; 08968446 (ISSN)
  9. URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896844611005304