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The effects of trochlear groove geometry on patellofemoral joint stability - A computer model study

Jafari, A ; Sharif University of Technology | 2008

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1243/09544119JEIM255
  3. Publisher: 2008
  4. Abstract:
  5. The effect of the variation in the femoral groove geometry on patellofemoral joint stability was studied using a two dimensional transverse plane model with deformable articular surfaces. The femoral and patellar bony structures were modelled as rigid bodies with their profiles expressed by splines. The articular cartilage was discretized into compression springs, distributed along the femoral and patellar profiles, based on the rigid-body spring model. The medial and lateral retinacula were modelled as linear tensile springs, and the quadriceps muscles and patellar tendon as strings with known tension. The anatomical data were obtained from the transverse plane magnetic resonance images of a normal knee flexed at 20° and from the literature. A dynamic analysis approach was employed to solve the governing equations of the model, i.e.. three static equilibrium equations of the patella and a constraint equation for each cartilage spring, explicitly. The results of the model suggest that alteration of the sulcus angle from 139° to 169° causes a lateral shift and tilt of less than 3 mm. and 4°. This effect increased slightly with increasing total quadriceps force, however, to significantly more than 7 mm and 18° respectively when the medial retinaculum was released. It was suggested that this might be the combined effect of the medial retinaculurn deficiency and trochlear dysplasia. that is responsible for patellar subluxation and, particularly, dislocation disorders. © IMechE 2008
  6. Keywords:
  7. Bone ; Geometry ; Mathematical models ; Tensile properties ; Cartilage ; Magnetic resonance ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Plasma stability ; Rigid structures ; Femoral groove geometry ; Patellofemoral joint stability ; Transverse model ; Trochlear dysplasia ; Biomedical engineering ; Joints (anatomy) ; Articular cartilages ; Compression springs ; Constraint equation ; Patellar subluxation ; Patellofemoral joint ; Rigid body spring models ; Static equilibrium equations ; Biological model ; Human ; Joint characteristics and functions ; Knee ; Pathophysiology ; Physiology ; Adult ; Computer Simulation ; Femur ; Humans ; Joint Instability ; Knee Joint ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Patella ; Range of Motion, Articular
  8. Source: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine ; Volume 222, Issue 1 , 2008 , Pages 75-88 ; 09544119 (ISSN)
  9. URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1243/09544119JEIM255