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Diffuse emissions of particles from iron ore piles by wind erosion

Afshar Mohajer, N ; Sharif University of Technology

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1089/ees.2010.0055
  3. Abstract:
  4. Industrial air pollution from point and nonpoint sources of steel complexes has drawn increasingly more public attention in the past decades. Previous research efforts have been more concentrated on point sources of particulate emissions from these complexes. However, wind-induced particulate emissions from iron ore storage piles not only result in ambient air pollution but also increase economic adverse effects to the industry by loss of process raw materials. Experiments were conducted to assess the impact of wind speed and humidity on particulate emission rates from iron ore storage piles. A wind-generating system and specific iron ore, experimental piles (L:W:H of 30:11.5:5 cm) were constructed to evaluate emission rates at four different wind velocities (4.3, 5, 7, and 11 m s-1). Optical and electron microscopes were used for determining size distribution of particles at various distances from emission source. Moreover, the decrease in emission rate was evaluated by changing the percentage of pile surface water content at the maximum speed. Finally, experimental results were compared with classic erosion equations and common parameters such as shearing velocity. Results indicated emission factors of 478, 1,527, 2,315, and 4,409 g m-2 for 4.3, 5, 7, and 11 m s-1 wind speeds, respectively. Pile surface moisture content variations indicated a decrease of 47%-77% in wind-induced particulate emissions for pile surface water content of 2% and 10%, respectively. However, inherent differences between natural winds with continued exerted force and experimental conditions of produced wind were attributed to relatively shorter distance transport of particulates in this study
  5. Keywords:
  6. Diffuse emissions ; Iron ore ; Particulate air pollution ; wind erosion ; Adverse effect ; Ambient air pollution ; Diffuse emission ; Distribution of particles ; Emission factors ; Emission rates ; Emission sources ; Experimental conditions ; Generating system ; Maximum speed ; Natural wind ; Point and nonpoint sources ; Point sources ; Research efforts ; Shearing velocity ; Storage piles ; Surface moistures ; Wind erosions ; Wind speed ; Wind velocities ; Air quality ; Erosion ; Iron ; Iron ores ; Piles ; Pollution ; Rating ; Surface waters ; Surfaces ; Water content ; Particulate emissions ; Aluminum oxide ; Calcium oxide ; Magnesium oxide ; Manganese oxide ; Phosphorus pentoxide ; Potassium derivative ; Silicon dioxide ; Sodium derivative ; Sulfur ; Surface water ; Titanium dioxide ; Vanadium pentoxide ; Air pollution ; Airborne particle ; Article ; Controlled study ; Dispersion ; Electron microscopy ; Humidity ; Metal industry ; Microscopy ; Moisture ; Particle size ; Particulate matter ; Shear rate ; Velocity
  7. Source: Environmental Engineering Science ; Volume 28, Issue 5 , 2011 , Pages 333-339 ; 10928758 (ISSN)
  8. URL: http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/ees.2010.0055?journalCode=ees