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Thermoplastic starch/ethylene vinyl alcohol/forsterite nanocomposite as a candidate material for bone tissue engineering

Mahdieh, Z ; Sharif University of Technology

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.06.043
  3. Publisher: Elsevier Ltd
  4. Abstract:
  5. Recently, biodegradable polymers such as starch based blends have been well renowned in the biomedical field. Studies have considered them suitable for bone scaffolds, bone cements, tissue engineering scaffolds, drug delivery systems and hydrogels. The aim of this study was to synthesize nanocomposite biomaterial consisting a blend of thermoplastic starch and ethylene vinyl alcohol as the polymer matrix, and nano-structured forsterite as the ceramic reinforcing phase for bone tissue engineering applications. Furthermore, vitamin E was applied as a thermal stabilizer during melt compounding. Extrusion and injection molding were incorporated for melt blending and shaping of samples, respectively. With blending thermoplastic starch and ethylene vinyl alcohol, some properties of thermoplastic starch such as degradation rate and water absorption were modified. In addition, using nanoforsterite as the ceramic reinforcing phase resulted in the improvement of mechanical and biological traits. The addition of nanoforsterite decreased the weight loss of the thermoplastic starch and ethylene vinyl alcohol blend in simulated body fluid. Moreover, this addition modified the pH in the MTT (methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium) assay and stimulated the cell proliferation. Cell adhesion assays indicated a favorable interaction between cells and the biomaterial. The proposed nanocomposite has appropriate biocompatibility, as well as mechanical properties in order to be used in bone tissue engineering
  6. Keywords:
  7. Forsterite ; Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) ; Assays ; Biocompatibility ; Biodegradable polymers ; Biomaterials ; Biomechanics ; Blending ; Bone ; Bone cement ; Cell adhesion ; Cell proliferation ; Ceramic materials ; Degradation ; Ethylene ; Extrusion molding ; Functional polymers ; Injection molding ; Nanocomposites ; Olivine ; Plastics ; Reinforced plastics ; Reinforcement ; Scaffolds (biology) ; Starch ; Tissue ; Tissue engineering ; Water absorption ; Bone tissue engineering ; Ethylene vinyl alcohol ; Favorable interactions ; Forsterites ; Simulated body fluids ; Thermoplastic starch ; Tissue engineering scaffold ; Polymer matrix composites
  8. Source: Materials Science and Engineering C ; Volume 69 , 2016 , Pages 301-310 ; 09284931 (ISSN)
  9. URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0928493116306129