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Toxicity of graphene and graphene oxide nanowalls against bacteria

Akhavan, O ; Sharif University of Technology | 2010

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1021/nn101390x
  3. Publisher: 2010
  4. Abstract:
  5. Bacterial toxicity of graphene nanosheets in the form of graphene nanowalls deposited on stainless steel substrates was investigated for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative models of bacteria. The graphene oxide nanowalls were obtained by electrophoretic deposition of Mg2+-graphene oxide nanosheets synthesized by a chemical exfoliation method. On the basis of measuring the efflux of cytoplasmic materials of the bacteria, it was found that the cell membrane damage of the bacteria caused by direct contact of the bacteria with the extremely sharp edges of the nanowalls was the effective mechanism in the bacterial inactivation. In this regard, the Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria with an outer membrane were more resistant to the cell membrane damage caused by the nanowalls than the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus lacking the outer membrane. Moreover, the graphene oxide nanowalls reduced by hydrazine were more toxic to the bacteria than the unreduced graphene oxide nanowalls. The better antibacterial activity of the reduced nanowalls was assigned to the better charge transfer between the bacteria and the more sharpened edges of the reduced nanowalls, during the contact interaction
  6. Keywords:
  7. Electrophoretic deposition ; Nanowalls ; RNA efflux ; Anti-bacterial activity ; Bacterial inactivation ; Contact interaction ; Direct contact ; Effective mechanisms ; Electrophoretic depositions ; Escherichia coli bacteria ; Graphene oxides ; Graphenes ; Membrane damage ; Outer membrane ; Sharp edges ; Stainless steel substrates ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Cell membranes ; Charge transfer ; Cytology ; Deposition ; Electrophoresis ; Escherichia coli ; Ion exchange ; Nanosheets ; Toxicity ; Bacteriology ; Antiinfective agent ; Nanomaterial ; Stainless steel ; Bacterium ; Chemistry ; Drug effect ; Metabolism ; Methodology ; Microbiological examination ; Raman spectrometry ; scanning electron microscopy ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Graphite ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Nanostructures ; Oxides ; RNA ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman ; Stainless Steel
  8. Source: ACS Nano ; Volume 4, Issue 10 , October , 2010 , Pages 5731-5736 ; 19360851 (ISSN)
  9. URL: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/nn101390x