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Controlling differentiation of stem cells for developing personalized organ-on-chip platforms

Geraili, A ; Sharif University of Technology | 2018

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700426
  3. Publisher: Wiley-VCH Verlag , 2018
  4. Abstract:
  5. Organ-on-chip (OOC) platforms have attracted attentions of pharmaceutical companies as powerful tools for screening of existing drugs and development of new drug candidates. OOCs have primarily used human cell lines or primary cells to develop biomimetic tissue models. However, the ability of human stem cells in unlimited self-renewal and differentiation into multiple lineages has made them attractive for OOCs. The microfluidic technology has enabled precise control of stem cell differentiation using soluble factors, biophysical cues, and electromagnetic signals. This study discusses different tissue- and organ-on-chip platforms (i.e., skin, brain, blood–brain barrier, bone marrow, heart, liver, lung, tumor, and vascular), with an emphasis on the critical role of stem cells in the synthesis of complex tissues. This study further recaps the design, fabrication, high-throughput performance, and improved functionality of stem-cell-based OOCs, technical challenges, obstacles against implementing their potential applications, and future perspectives related to different experimental platforms. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
  6. Keywords:
  7. Biomaterials ; Differentiation ; Drug discovery ; Organ-on-chip ; Stem cells ; Tissue engineering ; Adipose derived stem cell ; Bioprinting ; Blood brain barrier ; Blood vessel ; Bone marrow ; Brain ; Cardiac muscle cell ; Cell differentiation ; Cell fate ; Electromagnetism ; Embryonic stem cell ; Extracellular matrix ; Heart ; Hematopoietic stem cell ; Human ; Hydrogel ; Induced pluripotent stem cell ; Liver ; Lung ; Mesenchymal stem cell ; Microfluidics ; Microtechnology ; Neoplasm ; Neural stem cell ; Nonhuman ; Organ on chip ; Paracrine signaling ; Priority journal ; Review ; Skin ; Stem cell ; Stem cell niche ; Stem cell self-renewal ; Three dimensional printing
  8. Source: Advanced Healthcare Materials ; Volume 7, Issue 2 , 2018 ; 21922640 (ISSN)
  9. URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/adhm.201700426