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Development of bioreactors for comparative study of natural attenuation, biostimulation, and bioaugmentation of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated soil

Safdari, M. S ; Sharif University of Technology | 2018

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.08.044
  3. Publisher: Elsevier B.V , 2018
  4. Abstract:
  5. Bioremediation of soil and groundwater sites contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons is known as a technically viable, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable technology. The purpose of this study is to investigate laboratory-scale bioremediation of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated soil through development of eight bioreactors, two bioreactors for each bioremediation mode. The modes were: (1) natural attenuation (NA); (2) biostimulation (BS) with oxygen and nutrients; (3) bioaugmentation (BA) with hydrocarbon degrading isolates; (4) a combination of biostimulation and bioaugmentation (BS-BA). Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) mass balance over the bioreactors showed about 2% of initial 20,000 mg kg-soil−1 TPH was removed by advection due to synthetic groundwater which was flowing through the soil, and the rest of decrease in TPH was caused by biodegradation. The BS-BA mode showed the highest TPH biodegradation percentage (89.7 ± 0.3%) compared to the NA (51.4 ± 0.6%), BS (81.9 ± 0.3%) and BA (62.9 ± 0.5%) modes. Furthermore, an increase in microbial population was another evidence of TPH biodegradation by microorganism. Reaction rate data from each bioremediation mode were fitted with a first-order reaction rate model. The Monod kinetic constants including maximum specific growth rate of microorganisms (μmax) and substrate concentration at half-velocity constant (Ks) were estimated for each bioremediation modes. © 2017 Elsevier B.V
  6. Keywords:
  7. Biotransformation ; Kinetic model ; Oil spill ; Bacteria ; Biodegradation ; Bioreactors ; Biotechnology ; Cost effectiveness ; Groundwater ; Groundwater pollution ; Hydrocarbons ; Microorganisms ; Natural attenuation ; Oil spills ; Petroleum chemistry ; Rate constants ; Soils ; First order reactions ; Kinetic modeling ; Maximum specific growth rates ; Petroleum hydrocarbons ; Substrate concentrations ; Sustainable technology ; Total petroleum hydrocarbons ; Soil pollution ; Aliphatic hydrocarbon ; Aromatic hydrocarbon ; Biosurfactant ; Ground water ; Hydrocarbon ; Hydroxyl group ; Oxygen ; Petroleum derivative ; Bacterium ; Contaminated land ; Growth rate ; Laboratory method ; Reaction rate ; Soil remediation ; Sustainability ; Advection ; Article ; Attenuation ; Bacillus subtilis ; Bioaugmentation ; Bioremediation ; Biostimulation ; Colony forming unit ; Comparative study ; Controlled study ; Kinetics ; Nonhuman ; Nutrient ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Rate constant ; Scale up ; Soil inoculation ; Substitution reaction ; Substrate concentration ; Surface tension ; Water flow ; Analysis ; Bioreactor ; Chemistry ; Metabolism ; Soil pollutant ; Bacteria (microorganisms) ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Petroleum ; Soil ; Soil Pollutants
  8. Source: Journal of Hazardous Materials ; Volume 342 , 2018 , Pages 270-278 ; 03043894 (ISSN)
  9. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389417306362