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Human papilloma virus and breast cancer: The role of inflammation and viral expressed proteins

Khodabandehlou, N ; Sharif University of Technology | 2019

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5286-0
  3. Publisher: BioMed Central Ltd , 2019
  4. Abstract:
  5. Background: Breast cancer is currently the most common neoplasm diagnosed in women globally. There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection may play a key role in invasiveness of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of HPV in patients with breast cancer and its possible association with cancer progression. Methods: Breast specimens were collected from 72 patients with breast cancer and 31 healthy controls. The presence of HPV was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genotyping was performed for positive cases. We also evaluated the viral factors such as E6, E2, and E7 in HPV positive cases. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA (and Real-time PCR techniques were used to measure the expression level of anti-carcinogenic genes, such as p53, retinoblastoma (RB), breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA1, BRCA2) and inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB), and different interleukins [ILs] (IL-1,IL6, and IL-17). Results: The HPV DNA was detected in 48.6% of breast cancer samples, whereas only 16.1% of controls were positive for HPV. We observed statistically significant differences between breast cancer patients and HPV presence (P = 0.003). HPV type 18 was the most prevalent virus genotype in patients. The expression of P53, RB, BRCA1, and BRCA2 were decreased in patients with HPV-positive breast cancer as compared to HPV-negative breast cancer and healthy controls. (All P-values were less than 0.05). The presence of the HPV was associated with increased inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-17, TGF-β, TNF-α, and NF-kB) and tumor progression. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that HPV infection may implicate in the development of some types of breast cancer. © 2019 The Author(s)
  6. Keywords:
  7. Breast cancer ; Human papilloma virus ; Inflammation ; Risk factor ; Tumor development ; BRCA1 protein ; BRCA2 protein ; Immunoglobulin enhancer binding protein ; Interleukin 1 ; Interleukin 17 ; Interleukin 6 ; Protein E2 ; Protein E6 ; Protein E7 ; Protein p53 ; Retinoblastoma protein ; Transforming growth factor beta ; Tumor necrosis factor ; Unclassified drug ; Viral protein ; Virus DNA ; Tumor marker ; Breast carcinogenesis ; Case control study ; Controlled study ; DNA determination ; Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ; Gene expression ; Human ; Human papillomavirus type 18 ; Human tissue ; Iran ; Major clinical study ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Protein expression ; Real time polymerase chain reaction ; Tumor suppressor gene ; Virus identification ; Wart virus ; Breast tumor ; Cancer staging ; Complication ; Gene expression regulation ; Genetics ; Metabolism ; Papillomavirus infection ; Pathology ; Virology ; Virus cell transformation ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Breast Neoplasms ; Case-Control Studies ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; DNA, Viral ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral ; Genotype ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Odds Ratio ; Papillomaviridae ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome
  8. Source: BMC Cancer ; Volume 19, Issue 1 , 2019 ; 14712407 (ISSN)
  9. URL: https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-019-5286-0